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1 ated by mechanisms other than the identified CRF receptors.
2 factor (CRF) and CRF-related peptides on two CRF receptors.
3 sidered to be a second endogenous ligand for CRF receptors.
4 s to neurodegeneration through activation of CRF receptors.
5 sing factor (hCRF) C-terminal 33 residues to CRF receptors.
6 inding of the CRF C-terminus 30 residues, to CRF receptors.
7 a-helical conformation when interacting with CRF receptors.
8 elatively independently of the activation of CRF receptors.
9 nificantly blocking both brain and pituitary CRF receptors.
10 slightly altered by blockade of hypothalamic CRF receptors.
11  rats and at determining the role of central CRF receptors.
12 ceptor activation and, to a lesser extent on CRF receptors.
13 receptors (GPCRs) known as type-1 and type-2 CRF receptors.
14 st of corticotropin (ACTH) releasing factor (CRF) receptors.
15                                          The CRF receptor 1 (CRF-R1) antagonist, NBI-27914 (50-100 mi
16 endent and requires the downstream action of CRF receptor 1 (CRF-R1), suggesting that dopamine induce
17              We previously demonstrated that CRF receptor 1 (CRF1) neurons comprise a specific compon
18 ctions are mediated through their receptors, CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) and CRFR2, found throughout the C
19 ment increases Abeta production and triggers CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) and gamma-secretase internalizati
20 y, pharmacological experiments revealed that CRF receptor 1 and protein kinase A pathways were newly
21 to (1) determine the effect of the selective CRF receptor 1 antagonist (CRF(1)) GW876008 relative to
22                    Consistent with this, the CRF receptor 1 antagonist, antalarmin, prevented swim-st
23 eceptor 2 antagonist astressin-2B, but not a CRF receptor 1 antagonist, reversed the inhibitory effec
24                    We showed previously that CRF receptor 1-expressing (CRF1+) neurons in the CeA are
25 asing factor (CRF) exerts its action through CRF receptors 1 and 2 (CRF-R1 and CRF-R2).
26 -protein-coupled receptors of the B1 family, CRF receptors 1 and 2 (CRF-R1 and CRF-R2alpha,beta).
27          The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor 1 (CRFR1) is a target for the treatment of
28 dependent on corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor 1 signaling and an intact hypothalamic-pit
29 ng, which was prevented by antagonism of the CRF receptor-1 (CRF-R1), and was mimicked by CRF-R1 agon
30  relapse, a subsequent experiment found that CRF receptor-1 (CRF1) blockade in the AId similarly redu
31                               Development of CRF receptor-1 (CRFr1) antagonists has been a focus of n
32 ctor (CRF) actions at both of its receptors, CRF receptor-1 and CRF receptor-2.
33 g elevations in tryptophan hydroxylase-2 and CRF receptor-1 expression and concordant increases in be
34 by increased corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor-1 expression and signalling, which modulat
35                         This effect involves CRF receptor 2 (CRF-R2) and activation of the phospholip
36                    However, LS injections of CRF receptor 2 antagonist astressin-2B, but not a CRF re
37 ides similarly modulate maternal defense via CRF receptor 2, and that LS is a critical site for the n
38 ne release are prevented by VTA infusions of CRF-receptor 2 (CRF-R2) but not CRF-R1 antagonists.
39                            Mice deficient in CRF receptor-2 (R2KO) were used as a model of maladaptiv
40 at both of its receptors, CRF receptor-1 and CRF receptor-2.
41  of the first extracellular domain (ECD1) of CRF receptor 2beta (CRF-R2beta), free and complexed with
42 nal extracellular domain (ECD1) of the mouse CRF receptor 2beta, which is the major ligand recognitio
43                     These data indicate that CRF receptors act in concert to increase the magnitude o
44         The current studies examined whether CRF receptor activation in the PFC modulates cognitive f
45 hese results support a propinquity effect in CRF receptor activation, in which the amino-terminal por
46 lexed to the CRF-BP and thus unavailable for CRF receptor activation.
47 ated actions in the vBNST also require local CRF receptor activation.
48 e effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor activation and antagonism on intracranial
49              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor activation within the basolateral amygdala
50      Reduced corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor activity and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena
51 nd defecation) while oCRF(9-33)OH (devoid of CRF receptor affinity) showed neither effects.
52                   These results suggest that CRF receptor agonist administration is capable of produc
53 n of anorexia is a well documented effect of CRF receptor agonist administration, the central sites a
54 d for the effects on ICSS of the competitive CRF receptor agonist h/rCRF (0-5.0 microg, i.c.v.), the
55 r agonist h/rCRF (0-5.0 microg, i.c.v.), the CRF receptor agonist urocortin (0-5.0 microg, i.c.v.), a
56              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor agonist and CRF binding-protein (CRF-BP) l
57       In marked contrast to the effects of a CRF-receptor agonist, the CRF-BP ligand inhibitor did no
58                         To develop selective CRF receptor agonists, we have scanned the sequence -Gln
59  components of the HPA axis, such as CRF and CRF receptors, along with POMC gene and gene products.
60       To further elucidate the roles of both CRF receptors and determine their interaction in behavio
61                                     However, CRF receptors and neuronal elements are present in many
62 blastoma cell line for functional studies on CRF receptors and suggest that CRF may play a regulatory
63 lting in down-regulation of adenohypophyseal CRF receptors and symptoms of depression and anxiety.
64 ess responses by their interactions with the CRF receptors and the CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP).
65        Urocortin III is selective for type 2 CRF receptors and thus represents another potential endo
66    Using the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor and the thrombin receptor as a model, we p
67 ts that release CRF into the VTA, activating CRF receptors, and promoting cocaine use.
68 ut relatively impotent in blocking pituitary CRF receptors; and (2) astressin, inverted question mark
69    Therefore, we investigated the effects of CRF receptor antagonism within the dRN on social anxiety
70  particular, administration of a competitive CRF receptor antagonist [0.2, 1 or 5 microg intracerebro
71 st urocortin (0-5.0 microg, i.c.v.), and the CRF receptor antagonist [D-Phe(12), Nle(21,38), C(alpha)
72                                          The CRF receptor antagonist [D-Phe12,Nle(21,38)C(a)MeLeu(37)
73                   In a third experiment, the CRF receptor antagonist alpha-helical CRF(9-41) administ
74 to the BLA either alone or together with the CRF receptor antagonist alpha-helical CRF(9-41) immediat
75 as blocked by treatment with the competitive CRF receptor antagonist alpha-helical CRF9-41 and with t
76                    In addition, the putative CRF receptor antagonist alpha-helical CRF9-41 dose-depen
77 ntral tegmental area (VTA), a site where the CRF receptor antagonist antalarmin prevents the reinstat
78 nificantly reduced following infusion of the CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe CRF((12-41)) into the BNST
79 arena, rats were infused with vehicle or the CRF receptor antagonist d-Phe-CRF((12-41)) (50 or 500 ng
80 lar (1000 ng) injections of the nonselective CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF(12-41) decreased frust
81 inase B (TrKB) inhibitor k-252a, but not the CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF(12-41).
82 lly blocked by concurrent treatment with the CRF receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF(12-41).
83 i.c.v.) was blocked by pretreatment with the CRF receptor antagonist d-PheCRF(12-41) (3.0 microg, i.c
84 t cell-deficient mice and was blocked by the CRF-receptor antagonist, Antalarmin.
85 ely absent after exposure to the competitive CRF receptor antagonists alpha-helical CRF(9-41) or rat/
86                                              CRF receptor antagonists are very effective in reversing
87                      These data suggest that CRF receptor antagonists could provide a potential treat
88  Furthermore, these results imply a role for CRF receptor antagonists in the prevention and treatment
89 ned the effects of two different competitive CRF receptor antagonists on the expression of conditione
90               Two pharmacologically distinct CRF receptors are distributed in different brain regions
91            In contrast, functional pituitary CRF receptors are essential for the ACTH response to the
92 of the amygdala (CeA), despite the fact that CRF receptors are more densely distributed in BLA than i
93 saicin-sensitive primary afferents and brain CRF receptors are part of the pathways and biochemical c
94 hat corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF receptors are prominent in the PFC, the cognitive ef
95              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors are found in stress-related regions, incl
96      Because corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors are implicated, we compared CRF receptor
97 ists for the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptors are new tools to investigate stress-relat
98 nding peptide binding and specificity by the CRF receptors as well as a template for designing potent
99 dent and provides important insight into the CRF receptor-associated circuitry that likely underpins
100                                              CRF receptor autoradiography was performed in rat tissue
101 agonists of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors bind to the receptor by a two-site mechan
102                            The synthesis and CRF receptor binding affinities of several new series of
103  (CRF) receptors are implicated, we compared CRF receptor binding in pre- and postpubertal rats.
104 iographic studies to map the distribution of CRF receptor binding sites in the mouse brain.
105                          In each brain area, CRF receptor binding was sexually dimorphic, but no two
106 tor (CRF)-immunoreactive fibers and contains CRF receptor-binding sites, suggesting that endogenous C
107  with biological responses mediated by brain CRF receptors, but relatively impotent in blocking pitui
108 ing protein (CRF-BP), a moiety distinct from CRF receptors, but which is nonetheless capable of bindi
109 irect endogenous mechanism for activation of CRF receptors by new mammalian members of the CRF family
110     These results suggest that the pituitary CRF receptor can discriminate between slightly different
111 d urocortin 1 (Ucn1), which bind to both the CRF receptors CRF-R1 and CRF-R2, and the urocortins 2 (U
112 e Y (NPY), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and CRF receptor (CRF-R) in selected brain regions.
113       Ucn II binds selectively to the type 2 CRF receptor (CRF-R2), with no appreciable activity on C
114 III is a high-affinity ligand for the type 2 CRF receptor (CRF-R2).
115  proposed as an endogenous ligand for type 2 CRF receptors (CRF-R2).
116  factor (CRF) activates neurons that express CRF receptors (CRF-Rs), we followed the kinetics and dis
117 ve disorders, and have high densities of the CRF receptors CRF1 and CRF2.
118 ow sex differences in the association of the CRF receptor (CRF1) with the Gs protein and beta-arresti
119          The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors (CRF1 and CRF2) are crucial mediators of
120 mpared the telencephalic distribution of the CRF receptors, CRF1 and CRF2 , and two of their ligands,
121 wo different corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, have been identified in r
122  (Ucn 1) with high affinity, thus preventing CRF receptor (CRFR) activation.
123 most of these are lacking or impoverished in CRF receptor (CRFR) expression.
124 ral nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), where the CRF receptor (CRFr) plays an important role in anxiety-
125 d -III signal by activating their receptors, CRF receptors (CRFR)1 and -2, to maintain homeostasis th
126          The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor CRFR2 is expressed widely in peripheral ti
127  factor (CRF) family, and its cognate type 2 CRF receptor (CRFR2) are highly expressed in skeletal mu
128                                   The type 2 CRF receptor (Crfr2) marks a subset of LS neurons whose
129 cologic blockade of its receptor, the type 2 CRF receptor (CRFR2), attenuated high but not low glucos
130 ) family, binds with high affinity to type 2 CRF receptors (CRFR2) on cardiomyocytes and confers prot
131 eceptor signaling or compensatory changes in CRF receptor density within these structures.
132  routinely used for the study of transfected CRF receptors do express endogenous CRF1 mRNA with splic
133              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors encoded by two distinct genes have recent
134                                  Thus, eight CRF receptor-expressing areas displayed eight distinct s
135        Although the cellular distribution of CRF receptor expression has been well characterized at t
136     Both of the characterized members of the CRF receptor family (CRF1 and CRF2), are found in the am
137       The neuroanatomic distribution of this CRF receptor family member is consistent with roles in m
138 data reinforce the importance of the ECD1 of CRF receptors for ligand recognition and raise the inter
139 icotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and altered CRF receptor function.
140 nergic, serotonergic, histamine, opiate, and CRF receptors had no effect, but those for adrenergic an
141              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors have been reported to play a role in toni
142       Results demonstrate a critical role of CRF receptors in BNST in stress-induced binge eating in
143                  Here, we review the role of CRF receptors in both the brain and the gut as part of k
144                         These data show that CRF receptors in CeA and LSMLN synapses exert and mainta
145  activation of pituitary and/or hypothalamic CRF receptors in mediating the stimulatory effect of EtO
146 ctural evidence for a primary involvement of CRF receptors in modulation of the postsynaptic excitabi
147 downregulation and desensitization of cloned CRF receptors in murine fibroblast cells (Ltk-) stably t
148 drive leading to downregulation of pituitary CRF receptors in Neo-A animals.
149 e and accurate available tool for localizing CRF receptors in rodent brain.
150                 We also assessed the role of CRF receptors in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
151                         Therefore, AT(1) and CRF receptors in the CeA contribute to hemodynamic respo
152 stems and may also support an involvement of CRF receptors in the development of depression such that
153 9, 12-15, 18, 19, 22-26, 28, 31) had k(i) to CRF receptors in the high picomolar and low nanomole ran
154             These results implicate the BNST CRF receptors in the mechanism of coping with stress.
155 in, a novel peptide activating both types of CRF receptors in vitro, but with preferential affinity f
156                       Further examination of CRF receptors in vole species may reveal a novel role fo
157 f functional corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors in IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells.
158 xpression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors in the guinea pig enteric nervous system.
159 he levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors in the serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus
160 himera in which the N-terminal domain of the CRF receptor is replaced by the amino-terminal 16 residu
161                                          The CRF receptor is widely expressed across a variety of cel
162                          Genetic variance in CRF receptors is linked to altered risk for stress disor
163 ion that contains both CRF-ergic neurons and CRF receptors is the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG).
164       CP-154,526 binds with high affinity to CRF receptors (Ki < 10 nM) and blocks CRF-stimulated ade
165 ists of the corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) receptor markedly inhibit experimentally induced ex
166                The results also suggest that CRF receptors may provide novel targets in affective dis
167 calcium activated by postsynaptic Gs-coupled CRF receptors may represent a fundamental mechanism by w
168 fic developmental and physiological roles of CRF receptor mediated pathways.
169              Both corticosterone and central CRF receptors modulate pair bonding in the monogamous pr
170                     Inhibition of endogenous CRF receptors or neuronal activity blocked the effects o
171 )) and sauvagine showed some selectivity for CRF receptors other than that responsible for ACTH secre
172 dentify several brain regions with conserved CRF receptor patterns across rodent and primate species,
173 nteresting implications for the evolution of CRF receptor patterns and behavior.
174  brain regions with phylogenetically plastic CRF receptor patterns, and have interesting implications
175  a large group of selective and nonselective CRF receptor peptide agonists will facilitate the develo
176 rn blot analysis of cultured BMEC identified CRF receptor protein; stimulation with CRF, or it struct
177 in 1 and 3, anxiogenic peptides that bind to CRF receptors, reduce maternal aggression in lactating m
178              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors represent one of the primary sites for ne
179 These data support a new model of respective CRF receptor roles in stress-related behavior such that,
180 the first extracellular domain (ECD1) of the CRF receptor(s) comprises the major ligand binding site
181  agonists will facilitate the development of CRF receptor selective drugs.
182 havioral effects may be mediated by enhanced CRF receptor signaling or compensatory changes in CRF re
183           These data indicate that increased CRF receptor signalling within a VTA-IPN-MHb circuit tri
184           As expected, blockade of pituitary CRF receptors significantly blunted EtOH-induced ACTH se
185  and validated as a high-affinity ligand for CRF receptor studies.
186 stigated the functional significance of this CRF receptor subtype in anxiety-like and memory processe
187                                          The CRF receptor subtype mediating the colonic and gastric m
188  antagonists, administered systemically, and CRF receptor subtype nonspecific antagonists, administer
189 f the present study were to characterize the CRF receptor subtypes (CRF-R1 and -R2) and cellular mech
190 biochemically and pharmacologically distinct CRF receptor subtypes (CRFR1 and CRFR2) have been descri
191 ults indicate a differential role of central CRF receptor subtypes in the colonic stimulatory and gas
192                    The concept that multiple CRF receptor subtypes in the DRN facilitate distinct cop
193 v.) on gastric and colonic motility, and the CRF receptor subtypes involved and their role in colonic
194                          We investigated the CRF receptor subtypes involved in gastric postoperative
195                                 Two distinct CRF receptor subtypes, CRFR1 and CRFR2, are thought to m
196  function through interaction with different CRF receptor subtypes.
197              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor subtypes 1 and 2 have been implicated in r
198 ation of two corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor subtypes.
199 fibers and also contained immunolabeling for CRF receptor, suggesting that c-fos-expressing neurons i
200  administration, the function of DA(1/5) and CRF receptors switched from inhibitory to excitatory.
201 esults show that sex differences pervade the CRF receptor system in juvenile and adult rats, and the
202  prevented by pre-stress administration of a CRF receptor type 1 (CRF(1)) antagonist.
203  for the immediate early gene NGFI-B and for CRF receptor type 1 (CRF-R(1)) in the parvocellular port
204                   The differential roles for CRF receptor type 1 (CRF-R1) and CRF-R2 in stress-induce
205 y of serotonin neurotransmission through the CRF receptor type 1 (CRF-R1).
206 nal through the activation of two receptors, CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) and type 2 (CRFR2), both of
207                                          The CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) is considered the primary an
208               We demonstrate the presence of CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) on primary beta cells and sh
209 rsy, however, concerning the contribution of CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) to this effect and whether C
210 that were blocked by central infusion of the CRF receptor type 1 antagonist, antalarmin.
211 erging evidence also links the activation of CRF receptors type 1 and type 2 with stress-related alte
212  (NT) of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor type 1 (R1) were studied by use of murine
213 atement was blocked by administration of the CRF-receptor type 1 (CRF-R1) antagonist antalarmin (500
214 vation of the serotonergic dorsal raphe, (2) CRF-Receptor type 1 (CRF-R1) in the dorsal raphe, (3) Ur
215 al hydrate-anesthetized rats and the role of CRF receptors using the nonselective CRF(1)/CRF(2) antag
216                        The role of pituitary CRF receptors was shown by the ability of i.v. injected
217               The importance of hypothalamic CRF receptors was tested by injecting alpha-hel ant. int
218  that is devoid of intrinsic activity at the CRF receptors, was used as control peptide.
219                         Expression levels of CRF receptors were measured in the amygdala nuclei and B
220 omized rats, suggesting that a proportion of CRF receptors were occupied before CRF administration, a
221              Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors-which bind the hormone CRF as well as rel
222 light recent advances in the interactions of CRF receptors with other GPCRs and non-GPCR proteins and

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