ライフサイエンスコーパス: aggressive

1 to increased chromosomal aneuploidy and more aggressive.

2 shed single cells and may be more clinically aggressive.

3 g novel fusion proteins (MLL-FPs) that cause aggressive acute leukemias in humans.

4 -GLIS2 fusion oncoprotein, which is found in aggressive acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, confers mega

5 interleukin (IL)-1beta from individuals with aggressive (AgP) or chronic periodontitis (CP) and healt

6 sion of a Nup98 fusion protein implicated in aggressive AML causes mislocalization of H3K4me3 at abno

7 ) transcription, CX-5461, effectively treats aggressive AML, including mixed-lineage leukemia-driven

8 e prostate cancer in a cohort comprising 956 aggressive and 347 non-aggressive cases.

9 e develops via alterations in the balance of aggressive and defensive forces.

10 gh cells surviving radiation can become more aggressive and invasive.

11 and Dnmt3b, squamous carcinomas become more aggressive and metastatic.

12 Less aggressive and more individualized immunosuppressive tre

13 bsequent interactions were less likely to be aggressive and more likely to be affiliative.

14 In addition to an aggressive and needed expansion of overall supply, the K

15 Conclusion MPM is an aggressive and rapidly fatal disease.

16 e characteristics, whereas the other was non-aggressive and showed no stem cell phenotype.

17 One of the two EMT-positive clones exhibited aggressive and stem cell-like characteristics, whereas t

18 DLBCL exhibits highly aggressive and systemic progression into multiple tissue

19 umours and cells in these areas are the most aggressive and therapy resistant.

20 they explain why surCD24(-) cells can remain aggressive, and they highlight the need to consider nucC

21 e modifiers and raising the possibility that aggressive anti-MIF treatment of clinically isolated syn

22 Despite aggressive antibody-depleting therapy, 19 of 73 (26%) pa

23 tial biomarker, clinicians may consider more aggressive antimicrobials for rapid bacterial load reduc

24 A more aggressive approach involving tolerogenic cytokine admin

25 Although an aggressive approach is appealing, adverse events may occ

26 Aggressive approaches to repeat resolution often produce

27 n time to autopleurodesis was shorter in the aggressive arm (54 d; 95% confidence interval, 34-83) as

28 Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a highly aggressive B-cell malignancy that is closely associated

29 lymphoma (MCL) has been associated with more aggressive behavior and worse outcome.

30 receptors and play a key role in modulating aggressive behavior in animal models.

31 ral circuits in which alpha7 nAChRs regulate aggressive behavior in male mice.

32 validated decision-making game that measures aggressive behavior in response to social provocation.

33 assessed the extent to which T's effects on aggressive behavior would depend on variability in trait

34 Specifically, T caused an increase in aggressive behavior, but only among men scoring relative

35 T can rapidly (within 60 minutes) potentiate aggressive behavior, but only among men with dominant or

36 he alpha7 nAChR as an important regulator of aggressive behavior, but the underlying neurobiological

37 dorants to females to increase resident male aggressive behavior, we find that female mice undergo re

38 l differences in compulsive "addiction-like" aggressive behavior.

39 ilience to punishment-induced suppression of aggressive behavior.

40 sensory modality in the context of intermale aggressive behavior.

41 aggressive tension during the imagination of aggressive behavior.

42 Exogenous T on its own did not modulate aggressive behavior.

43 are vascular tumor which has an intermediate aggressive behavior.

44 group sizes that they preferred and in their aggressive behavior; both of these behaviors influenced

45 agulation, coagulation factor FVIIa enhances aggressive behaviors of breast cancer cells, but the und

46 sets of patients have short attention spans, aggressive behaviors, mood disorders, or schizophrenia.

47 The psychological processes that predict aggressive behaviour are also typically associated with

48 Aggressive behaviour was associated with lower odds.

49 n, including a risk factor for developing an aggressive bile duct cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, in chro

50 ) are associated with de-differentiation and aggressive biological behaviour.

51 -resistant xenografts is the source of their aggressive biology and results from a secreted factor.

52 We proposed to determine whether aggressive blood pressure (BP) lowering prevents recurre

53 that they were more tolerant of humans, less aggressive, bolder after a simulated predator attack, an

54 4 patients with AF and a BP >130/80 mm Hg to aggressive BP (target <120/80 mm Hg) or standard BP (tar

55 occurred in 106 patients, 54 (61.4%) in the aggressive BP treatment group compared with 52 (61.2%) i

56 an systolic BP was 123.2+/-13.2 mm Hg in the aggressive BP treatment group versus 135.4+/-15.7 mm Hg

57 Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor driven by cells with hallmarks of

58 The lethality of the aggressive brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) res

59 Glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive brain tumor in human patients, is decidedly h

60 Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor.

61 ronment with signaling pathways that predict aggressive breast cancer biology.

62 tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells and non-aggressive breast cancer cells.

63 ), whose expression directly correlates with aggressive breast cancer phenotypes, as well as with met

64 targetable oncogenic driver associated with aggressive breast cancer subtypes.

65 424(322)/503 is commonly lost in a subset of aggressive breast cancers and describe the genetic aberr

66 d optimal treatment could reduce deaths from aggressive breast cancers for black women.

67 The chemotherapy of aggressive breast tumor is usually accompanied by a poor

68 SOD1(A4V) is an aggressive, but relatively homogeneous form of ALS.

69 tic cells may influence the behavior of less aggressive cancer cells and the properties of the endoth

70 ain metabolic insights into the phenotype of aggressive cancer cells.

71 gnature gene that is upregulated in multiple aggressive cancer types, but its role in skin tumorigene

72 igh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is an aggressive cancer with a worse clinical outcome.

73 Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and few treatment

74 lysis is a metabolic pathway adapted by many aggressive cancers, including triple-negative breast can

75 he therapeutic potential of targeting Nck in aggressive cancers.

76 cohort comprising 956 aggressive and 347 non-aggressive cases.

77 pithelial progression series of increasingly aggressive cell lines that metastasize to lung.

78 n from promoting cellular differentiation to aggressive cellular proliferation.

79 me was more favorable in patients treated in aggressive centers than those treated in nonaggressive c

80 ytokine in the TME, where it imparts various aggressive characteristics including invasive migration,

81 tromal cells, and Atf3 knockout mice develop aggressive chemically induced skin tumors with enhanced

82 NAMPT) produced robust neuroprotection in an aggressive CIPN model utilizing the frontline anticancer

83 rized by complex genomic characteristics and aggressive clinical behavior.

84 condly SM with atypical radiology and a more aggressive clinical course.

85 Thus, we generate two aggressive CLL models and provide a preclinical rational

86 rectal cancer cells with full competence for aggressive colonization in bone.

87 erozygous for Chrna7 were significantly more aggressive compared to wild-type controls in the residen

88 gy, since this membrane can survive the most aggressive conditions involving extremes of temperature

89 meter nanospheres remained intact even under aggressive conditions.

90 GFR1 and JAK2 fusion TK genes exhibit a more aggressive course and variable sensitivity to current TK

91 Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma.

92 ing and do not metastasize; however, locally aggressive desmoid tumors can cause severe morbidity and

93 an adverse tumor biology, leading to a more aggressive disease and decreased patient survival.

94 eatment of indolent PC and undertreatment of aggressive disease are urgently needed.

95 A distinction between indolent and aggressive disease is a major challenge in diagnostics o

96 Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease lacking targeted therapy.

97 that young-onset type 2 diabetes has a more aggressive disease phenotype, leading to premature devel

98 mutation population in North America with an aggressive disease progression, were distinguished from

99 sparing and the no atrophy group showed less aggressive disease progression.

100 ing Sarcoma is a biologically and clinically aggressive disease with a high propensity for metastasis

101 Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options.

102 erexpression in human cancer correlates with aggressive disease, drug resistance, and poor prognosis.

103 isplay clinical and genomic features of more aggressive disease, suggesting that cell lines best repr

104 verexpression in GBM is associated with more aggressive disease.

105 omised life expectancy and transformation to aggressive disease.

106 active STAT5 to NF-kappaB or IKAROS had more-aggressive disease.

107 gnostic markers to distinguish indolent from aggressive disease.

108 tion resistance is pivotal in progression to aggressive disease.

109 Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are aggressive diseases with poor response to chemotherapy a

110 , phenotypic shifts, and progression to more aggressive disorders.

111 We found that genotypes predisposed to be aggressive (due to DGEs) strongly decreased aggressivene

112 We therefore recommend aggressive energy efficiency, in combination with low-ca

113 oteolysis, as the extracellular milieu is an aggressive environment.

114 as mitten deformities of hands and feet and aggressive epithelial cancers.

115 Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive exocrine tumor with largely unknown biology.

116 of hepatocytes was unimpaired, and growth of aggressive experimental hepatoblastomas was only modestl

117 neuroblastoma (HR-NB) is the most frequent, aggressive, extracranial solid tumour in childhood.

118 sive of HER2 expression, and correlated with aggressive features that include increased lymph node me

119 t tumors with high CIN and potentially other aggressive features that may require more aggressive tre

120 Aggressive fever control might improve outcome, and more

121 nective tissue tumors: desmoid tumor (DT) or aggressive fibromatosis, tenosynovial giant cell tumor (

122 ic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is a very aggressive fibrotic disorder.

123 combined with vincristine, carboplatin, and aggressive focal therapies is an effective regimen for t

124 onserved hotspot mutation associated with an aggressive form of brain cancer generates an immunogenic

125 iple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive form of breast cancer, partly by driving meta

126 ucin MUC1 contributes to immune escape in an aggressive form of breast cancer, with potential implica

127 Metaplastic breast carcinoma is an aggressive form of invasive breast cancer with histologi

128 for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the most aggressive form of lung cancer, remain urgently needed.

129 Malignant melanoma (MM) is the most aggressive form of skin cancer.

130 ve breast cancers (TNBCs) are among the most aggressive forms of breast cancer, and disproportionally

131 his splicing event is highly dysregulated in aggressive forms of breast cancers, which overexpress CP

132 Potential survival benefits from treating aggressive (Gleason score, >/=7) early-stage prostate ca

133 onary flexibility that may contribute to the aggressive growth of advanced malignancies with complex

134 ion impeded S phase progression, suppressing aggressive growth phenotypes, such as cell invasion, mig

135 rcomas leads to CCNE1 up-regulation and more aggressive growth phenotypes.

136 feature that exerts its detrimental, highly aggressive growth potential upon escape from cell-cycle

137 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive head and neck cancer characterized by Epstein

138 rms and are behaviorally accepted into their aggressive hosts' societies: emigrating with colonies an

139 Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive human cancer and miRNAs can play a key role f

140 climide compounds, which were tested against aggressive human cancer cell lines and for protein synth

141 ATC is one of the most aggressive human cancers, with rapid growth, tumor invas

142 pproach was demonstrated in vitro against an aggressive human glioma model, with involvement of MMPs

143 Slow-growing prostate cancer (PC) can be aggressive in a subset of cases.

144 ders who are overbearing in their narrative, aggressive in behavior, and often exhibit questionable m

145 enrichments with PMEZ water; they were most aggressive in MPn metabolism and their 16S rRNA gene seq

146 retrospective studies strongly suggest that aggressive induction regimens may confer a superior outc

147 of Baf180 renders mice susceptible to a more aggressive infectious colitis caused by Citrobacter rode

148 on type of brain tumor, are characterized by aggressive infiltration, making it difficultly to cure b

149 s (MPB, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) are aggressive insects attacking Pinus host trees.

150 Aggressive interactions occurred much more frequently be

151 es as an important signal in mate choice and aggressive interactions.

152 le-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive, lack FDA-approved targeted therapies, and fr

153 World primates and has the ability to cause aggressive leukaemias and lymphomas in non-natural hosts

154 Plaque, Lipids and Vascular Inflammation by Aggressive Lipid Lowering [YELLOW II]; NCT01837823).

155 Transformation to aggressive lymphoma is a critical event in the clinical

156 explain the clinical activity of TGR-1202 in aggressive lymphoma not found with idelalisib.

157 KSHV is the etiologic agent of PEL-an aggressive lymphoma.

158 fe and effective in influencing remission of aggressive lymphomas in HCV patients.

159 Islet beta-cell dysfunction and aggressive macrophage activity are early features in the

160 e hypotheses such as a female preference for aggressive males [8, 9].

161 nscription and overcome aberrant pathways in aggressive malignancies.

162 that vary from the most indolent to the most aggressive malignancies.

163 ation of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), an aggressive malignancy associated with infection that is

164 ancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy characterised by the presence of e

165 ions mediating the desmoplastic reaction and aggressive malignancy of mass-forming intrahepatic chola

166 Renal carcinoma is a common and aggressive malignancy whose histopathogenesis is incompl

167 ancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis.

168 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an aggressive malignancy with few effective therapeutic opt

169 Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive malignancy, highly resistant to current medic

170 Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor, is propagated by stem-

171 uding glioblastoma, the most common and most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in adults.

172 ly 20% of all breast cancers and is the most aggressive mammary cancer subtype.

173 Urgent chemotherapy along with aggressive management of organ failures in the ICU can b

174 examined the non-responder phenomenon in an aggressive MCF10-CA1a breast tumor model.

175 st, NO-mediated TRAF2 activation in the more aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells was TNFalpha independent but

176 gh risk of stroke despite being treated with aggressive medical management.

177 rucial factor causing glutamine addiction in aggressive medulloblastomas.

178 potential therapeutic strategy for targeting aggressive mesenchymal features of PDAC.

179 e in megakaryocytes, yet they developed more aggressive metastasis than wild-type hosts.

180 n of well-differentiated disease into a more aggressive, metastasizing, and fatal malignancy.

181 of young children, frequently presents with aggressive metastatic disease and for these children the

182 s of TAp63 in mice leads to the formation of aggressive metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma at 9-16 mon

183 state cancer cell line PC3 and the even more aggressive, metastatic subline PC3M assessed by hyperpol

184 protective (Batesian mimicry) and predatory (aggressive mimicry) benefits to other fishes [2, 6].

185 paradigm in the development of therapies for aggressive MLL leukemia and perhaps for other cancers ca

186 ng the evolution of cognitive deficits in an aggressive model of Abeta amyloidosis.

187 retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene in an aggressive model of AD.

188 t was linked to improved cognition and in an aggressive model of AD.

189 olac treatment slows tumor progression in an aggressive model of breast cancer.

190 r (DDR) and their over-activation may confer aggressive molecular features, being an adaptive respons

191 was examined during simultaneous scanning of aggressive MR pulse sequences.

192 itation was not affected during simultaneous aggressive MRI.

193 e EVI1 oncogene is associated typically with aggressive myeloid leukemia, but is also detectable in b

194 Because of the aggressive nature of KRAS-mutated CRLM, more extensive a

195 stable cell culture of an extremely rare and aggressive neuroendocrine cervical cancer.

196 The elucidation of the mechanisms of aggressive NFPAs in bone destruction is required in orde

197 istries, we identified adults diagnosed with aggressive NHL from 2000 to 2010 and sex- and age-matche

198 nias and autoimmune conditions as opposed to aggressive NK-cell LGL leukemia.

199 Attempts to intensify chemotherapy in aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas have, however, proved i

200 ficantly repressed tumour growth in a highly aggressive NSCLC circulating tumour cell (CTC) patient d

201 Conjunctival melanoma (CM) is a highly aggressive ocular cancer for which treatment options are

202 GBM, the most aggressive of the gliomas, is characterized by extensive

203 with high (18)fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and aggressive oncological behavior.

204 d weaker, short-lived contacts mediating the aggressive ones.

205 Ensuring a successful endgame requires more aggressive OPV cessation risk management than has occurr

206 e more effectively inhibits the growth of an aggressive, orthotopic 4T1 tumor model in vivo than free

207 E1 expression in primary osteoblasts, but in aggressive osteosarcomas, miR-874 is down-regulated, lea

208 nt in the stromal and tumour compartments of aggressive ovarian cancers and its levels correlate with

209 mber of molecular features of the underlying aggressive pathobiology in -7 AML patients.

210 ing understanding of genetic contribution to aggressive PCA, exploring clinical use of genetic testin

211 therapeutic target against mCRPC, the deadly aggressive PCa.

212 ar targets for developmental therapeutics in aggressive PCa.

213 t identified in malignant rhabdoid tumor, an aggressive pediatric cancer characterized by biallelic i

214 blems (hypodontia, early onset of severe and aggressive periodontal disease).

215 d immune responses play an important role in aggressive periodontitis (AgP).

216 AS data from a German case-control sample of aggressive periodontitis (AgP; 651 cases, 4,001 controls

217 Eighty patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis received periodontal treatment

218 in treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in aggressive periodontitis.

219 expressing PD-1 and Tim-3 correlated with an aggressive phenotype and a larger tumor size at diagnosi

220 ect the mesenchymal state and confer it with aggressive phenotype and drug resistance.

221 ocal tumor invasion, primary cancer type, or aggressive phenotype and is associated with patient surv

222 ration subclasses are associated with a more aggressive phenotype and poor outcome of patients, altho

223 +)CD8(+) T cells as critical mediators of an aggressive phenotype in RCC.

224 However, whether an aggressive phenotype is sustained through adaptation or

225 T pathway activation, contributing to a more aggressive phenotype.

226 rexpression in B-NHL is associated with more aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis.

227 e for surface CD24 (surCD24(-)) still retain aggressive phenotypes in vitro and in vivo Here, we reso

228 ed for the time spent holding the gun and in aggressive play.

229 for plus disease, zone, stage, category, and aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP).

230 e cases (such as eyes with zone I disease or aggressive posterior ROP), the disadvantages are that th

231 profoundly inhibited disease progression in aggressive preclinical models of human cancers and induc

232 tentially focus frequent monitoring and more aggressive preventive efforts on high-risk patients.

233 (HGGs) include the most common and the most aggressive primary brain tumor of adults and children.

234 of human cancers, often endowing tumors with aggressive properties and resistance to therapy.

235 e maintaining 95% sensitivity for predicting aggressive prostate cancer at initial biopsy.

236 e observed metabolic differences between the aggressive prostate cancer cell line PC3 and the even mo

237 ile high sensitivity (93%) was preserved for aggressive prostate cancer detection.

238 that preserved 95% sensitivity for detecting aggressive prostate cancer improved specificity from 18%

239 ciation analysis of the RTK/ERK pathway with aggressive prostate cancer in a cohort comprising 956 ag

240 Treatment of aggressive prostate cancer involves a regiment of radica

241 e retaining robust sensitivity for detecting aggressive prostate cancer with consequent potential hea

242 ome the preferred approach for men with less-aggressive prostate cancer, particularly those with a pr

243 For zebra chip disease control, aggressive psyllid management enables potato production,

244 esent public health emergencies that require aggressive response.

245 gest that the ACo can initiate defensive and aggressive responses elicited by olfactory or, to a less

246 f outcomes, but existing data support a more aggressive risk stratification protocol for patients of

247 Twenty aggressive SCC developed over the study period.

248 ry of posttransplant SCC have a high risk of aggressive SCC.

249 The desalination performance and aggressive shear and chlorine resistance of these scalab

250 Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) causes an aggressive skin cancer after prolonged infection and req

251 peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma.

252 Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive soft-tissue malignancy characterized by expre

253 Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma that is often discovered

254 crucial to prevent the accumulation of these aggressive species during prolonged O2 exposure.

255 factors that facilitate progression to more aggressive stages is critical for disease prevention.

256 ific factor 6 (Gas6) is associated with more aggressive staging of cancers, poorer predicted patient

257 Aggressive strains of the obligate pathogenic fungus Puc

258 ive breast cancer is viewed clinically as an aggressive subgroup of breast cancer.

259 tform to test candidate therapeutics in this aggressive subset of AML.

260 (MLL) represents a genetically distinct and aggressive subset of human acute leukemia carrying chrom

261 rve as a novel therapeutic strategy for this aggressive subtype of human leukemia and possibly other

262 g the CM2B4 antibody alone, represent a more aggressive subtype that warrants closer clinical follow-

263 tablished gene expression-based indolent and aggressive subtypes.

264 est practices and lessons learned in meeting aggressive switch timelines.

265 ed systemic mastocytosis variants, including aggressive systemic mastocytosis and mast cell leukemia.

266 through rejection and to successfully dampen aggressive tension during the imagination of aggressive

267 liver metastases (CRLM) are known to be more aggressive than KRAS wild-type tumors.

268 -line luer injection port" which can be less aggressive than wall-jet flow cell for a biological reco

269 to identify patients requiring more or less aggressive therapy and additional supportive measures du

270 tic strategy to treat drug-resistant, highly aggressive TNBC tumors.

271 neal disease may be treated effectively with aggressive topical steroid therapy and lubrication.

272 se of repetitive regulatory elements, led to aggressive transposon-like silencing of canola-biased PU

273 s with severe disease who would benefit from aggressive treatment and activin may be a therapeutic ta

274 <20months after diagnosis even with the most aggressive treatment that includes surgery, radiation, a

275 o assess patterns of hospice care and use of aggressive treatment.

276 er aggressive features that may require more aggressive treatment.

277 y, advocating for prompt diagnosis and early aggressive treatment.

278 shared understanding of prognosis, QOL, and aggressive treatments and hospice use in the last 30 day

279 elatively long overall median survival, more aggressive treatments are typically reserved for patient

280 ed communication, quality of life (QOL), and aggressive treatments in advanced cancer, yet few random

281 The up-regulation of these aggressive tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion ph

282 disease followed by lethal regrowth of more aggressive tumor cells.

283 RING1 is related to aggressive tumor features in multiple cancer types.

284 ing, beta-catenin haploinsufficiency induced aggressive tumor formation and metastasis by promoting t

285 b-Y35N transforms NIH3T3 cells, resulting in aggressive tumor formation in xenograft nude mice, which

286 n the association of tumor hypoxia with more aggressive tumor phenotypes, the obtained in vivo inform

287 To effectively treat this aggressive tumor, a multi-target receptor tyrosine kinas

288 ACC is a rare but aggressive tumor.

289 fier in an independent cohort, the predicted aggressive tumors are significantly associated with the

290 y in triple-negative breast tumors and other aggressive tumors characterized by MYC overexpression.

291 AFP value over 400 ng/ml was associated with aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis.

292 e, suggesting that cell lines best represent aggressive tumours.

293 etween embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and adult aggressive tumours.

294 ps a form of leukemia that is similar to the aggressive type of human B-CLL, and this valuable model

295 Uterine serous carcinoma, one of the most aggressive types of endometrial cancer, is characterized

296 ell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common aggressive urinary malignant tumor that cannot be easily

297 enal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most aggressive urologic cancers, however, the mechanism on s

298 h HF and reduced ejection fraction receiving aggressive vasodilator titration.

299 hly expressed in T2 vs T1 bladder cancer and aggressive vs indolent disease.

300 negative breast cancer (TNBC) is notoriously aggressive with high metastatic potential, which has rec