ライフサイエンスコーパス: chloroplastic

1 which regenerates the AAH cofactor, is also chloroplastic.

2 Recently, a feedback inhibition of the chloroplastic 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP)/2-C-m

3 Isoprene is synthesized via the chloroplastic 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate/1-deox

4 s, of which four (histones H2A, H3, H4 and a chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein S7) showed down-regu

5 t2) and two independent mutants deficient in chloroplastic AAT3 (aat3) were isolated.

6 t2-4, and aat2-5) and the ASP5 gene from the chloroplastic aat3 mutants (aat3-1, aat3-2, and aat3-4).

7 All the cytosolic aat2 and chloroplastic aat3 mutants have less than 6% AAT2 and le

8 the two major isoenzymes, cytosolic AAT2 or chloroplastic AAT3, using a native gel activity assay.

9 sis mutants deficient in cytosolic (AAT2) or chloroplastic (AAT3) aspartate (Asp) aminotransferase we

10 In this article, we show that the chloroplastic acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunit (accD) gene

11 iotin carboxylase subunit of the heteromeric chloroplastic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) of

12 sight into the link between auxin signaling, chloroplastic activity, and sugar metabolism in developi

13 We show that the chloroplastic alpha-amylase 3 (AMY3) also participates i

14 Here we report that the chloroplastic alpha-amylase AMY3, a starch-degrading enz

15 Our results provide evidence that both chloroplastic and cytosolic forms of FtsZ are involved i

16 Transcripts for both chloroplastic and cytosolic proteins were detectable in

17 orted from the cytosol, but the sizes of the chloroplastic and extrachloroplastic pools of these comp

18 that the N- and C-terminal portions contain chloroplastic and intraorganellar targeting information,

19 cterized but critical interactions that link chloroplastic and mitochondrial metabolic networks.

20 d that in vivo about one-half of the DMSP is chloroplastic and that stromal DMSP concentrations in co

21 OsGR3 shows 76 and 53 % identity with OsGR1 (chloroplastic) and OsGR2 (cytosolic), respectively.

22 which has also been found in the bacterial, chloroplastic, and mitochondrial Rieske proteins as well

23 Mitochondrial and chloroplastic antioxidant transcripts are overexpressed

24 al ROS removal enzymes such as cytosolic and chloroplastic APXs.

25 the same location as the ASP5 gene encoding chloroplastic AspAT.

26 LHCb), Rubisco large and small subunits, and chloroplastic ATP synthase (beta-subunit).

27 ; (+)ICDINGVCVDA(-)], a peptide derived from chloroplastic ATP synthase gamma-subunit (cATPC) protein

28 sly ingested 500 pmol of the valine-modified chloroplastic ATP synthase gamma-subunit precursor elici

29 . frugiperda larvae that previously ingested chloroplastic ATP synthase gamma-subunit proteins and pr

30 bivory through the detection of fragments of chloroplastic ATP synthase gamma-subunit proteins, terme

31 Inceptins are proteolytic fragments of chloroplastic ATP synthase gamma-subunit regulatory regi

32 Previous studies showed that the chloroplastic atypical thioredoxin ACHT1 is oxidized by

33 (Pi) dikinase (PPDK) is best recognized as a chloroplastic C(4) cycle enzyme.

34 -glycosylation determines enzyme activity of chloroplastic carbonic anhydrase.

35 tch the absorption spectrum of zeaxanthin, a chloroplastic carotenoid recently implicated in blue lig

36 hment of many protein components, central to chloroplastic/cellular ROS signaling.

37 erve as a link between metal homeostasis and chloroplastic/cellular ROS through protein-protein inter

38 the Kok effect can be explained by declining chloroplastic CO2 concentration (cc ) at low PPFD.

39 al for CO2 assimilation at both high and low chloroplastic CO2 concentrations.

40 is already known, but plant mitochondrial or chloroplastic CoA transporters are not.

41 Zn superoxide dismutases (cytosolic CSD1 and chloroplastic CSD2) that can detoxify superoxide radical

42 ever, it bound the 5' UTR of the Arabidopsis chloroplastic CuZn superoxide dismutase 2 (CSD2) mRNA, a

43 In vitro, the chloroplastic cysteine desulfurase CpNifS can release el

44 zed with regard to their cross-reactivity to chloroplastic, cytosolic, and mitochondrial fractions, a

45 The midday concentration of chloroplastic DMAPP in cottonwood leaves is estimated to

46 ions in a permease-like protein of the outer chloroplastic envelope are responsible for the primary b

47 ferent mechanisms for their targeting to the chloroplastic envelope.

48 , the availability of viable mutants for the chloroplastic enzyme AO will enable future detailed stud

49 Here, we report that FIN4 encodes the chloroplastic enzyme ASPARTATE OXIDASE (AO), which catal

50 A loss-of-function mutation in the soluble chloroplastic enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferas

51 Fd-GOGAT is a chloroplastic enzyme responsible for the reassimilation

52 ding mechanism, but not the stabilization of chloroplastic enzymes.

53 affected, suggesting that mitochondrial and chloroplastic Fe-S assembly operate independently.

54 ed Fe-S clusters or in the regulation of the chloroplastic Fe-S cluster assembly machinery.

55 ing of CpNifS decreased the abundance of all chloroplastic Fe-S proteins tested, representing all fiv

56 f GS in plants, a cytosolic form (GS1) and a chloroplastic form (GS2).

57 maize GS1 (the cytosolic form) and GS2 (the chloroplastic form) cDNAs as hybridization probes to iso

58 polyedra distinguishes them as cytosolic and chloroplastic forms of the enzyme.

59 In contrast, the principal mitochondrial and chloroplastic forms were 5-formyl- and 5,10-methenyltetr

60 the physiological substrates of AtLSMT-L are chloroplastic fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase isoform

61 genic plants containing decreased amounts of chloroplastic fructose 1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase cont

62 resented that this inhibitor is derived from chloroplastic fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.

63 nt malate dehydrogenase and oxidized spinach chloroplastic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase by wild-type T

64 ined constant, indicating that the increased chloroplastic G6P resulted from phosphorolytic starch de

65 es the coordinated expression of nuclear and chloroplastic genes.

66 he fact that the levels of mRNA for GDH1 and chloroplastic glutamine synthetase (GS2) are reciprocall

67 agment coding for the pea (Pisum sativum L.) chloroplastic glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1

68 ion of CO(2) through the Calvin cycle and in chloroplastic glycolysis, are trimethylated at a conserv

69 Heterologous expression of GPD2, a putative chloroplastic GPDH, and GPD3, a putative cytosolic GPDH,

70 rice, sorghum and brachypodium, but only one chloroplastic GR in dicots.

71 In rice, one cytosolic and two chloroplastic GR isoforms have been identified.

72 Phylogenetic analysis revealed 2 chloroplastic GRs in Poaceae species, including rice, so

73 5-6 showed high homology with an Arabidopsis chloroplastic Grx and contained two CXXS putative cataly

74 -2S] cluster in two heterologously expressed chloroplastic Grxs, GrxS14 and GrxS16, and in vitro cyst

75 regulation of members of the GS gene family (chloroplastic GS2 and cytosolic GS1) in Arabidopsis.

76 veal that the dramatic induction of mRNA for chloroplastic GS2 by light is mediated in part by phytoc

77 cells seems to provide an alternate route to chloroplastic GS2 for the assimilation of photorespirato

78 The lack of a chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide removal enzyme triggers

79 the light-dependent production of DMAPP was chloroplastic in origin.

80 t tolerance to iron deficiency and decreases chloroplastic iron content.

81 In this work, we studied the regulation of a chloroplastic iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) from Li

82 ndamental role for YSL4 and YSL6 in managing chloroplastic iron.

83 ria is reassimilated in the chloroplast by a chloroplastic isoenzyme of glutamine synthetase (GS2), t

84 We demonstrate that both the cytosolic and chloroplastic isoforms of PPDK are up-regulated in natur

85 plant, the most abundant NADP-ME form is the chloroplastic leaf isoform that delivers CO2 intracellul

86 es up to 2-fold (cytosolic lines) or 6-fold (chloroplastic lines) higher than wild-type plants.

87 However, it did not insert into other chloroplastic lipids, such as mono- and digalactosyl dia

88 ing either chlorophyllide a oxygenase or the chloroplastic lipocalin, now renamed plastid lipocalin (

89 r insight into the mechanism of CTP-mediated chloroplastic localization, and more importantly, RC2 ca

90 rified Pisum sativum chloroplasts, indicated chloroplastic localization.

91 location components in detergent-solubilized chloroplastic membrane fractions.

92 r experiments, the peptide inserted into the chloroplastic membrane lipids sulfoquinovosyl diacylglyc

93 Chloroplastic membrane proteins can be targeted to any o

94 rtantly, RC2 can be widely applied in future chloroplastic metabolic engineering, particularly for cr

95 latile 5-carbon hydrocarbon derived from the chloroplastic methylerythritol 2-C-methyl-D: -erythritol

96 Our results reveal that chloroplastic MnSOD accounts for 10% to 20% of cellular

97 CYTME is distinct from the chloroplastic NADP-malic enzyme (CHLME) that is highly a

98 la sorokiniana has seven ammonium-inducible, chloroplastic NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD

99 Arabidopsis described failed assembly of the chloroplastic NDH [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase] supercomplex b

100 We investigated the molecular function of a chloroplastic NFU-type iron-sulfur scaffold protein, NFU

101 CpNifS is a chloroplastic NifS-like protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidop

102 orm the protein translocation channel in the chloroplastic outer envelope membrane.

103 vealed changes in the expression of genes in chloroplastic oxidative stress response pathways, among

104 o mutants defective in the maturation of the chloroplastic oxygen-sensitive hydrogenases or in Proton

105 Here, we studied the role of a second chloroplastic paralog, ACHT4, in plants subjected to low

106 d rate of ATP and NADPH formation due to low chloroplastic phosphate levels, oscillations in photosyn

107 tarch synthesis becomes limiting so that the chloroplastic phosphate pool is depleted, resulting in a

108 cies, leaves of E. glabrescens accumulated a chloroplastic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase protein, a

109 istachyon (C3) were also found to accumulate chloroplastic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase.

110 tochondrial electron transport chain and the chloroplastic photosynthetic machinery.

111 s, as was about 80% in salinized plants; the chloroplastic pool in both cases was approximately 0.1 m

112 tting species support very high steady-state chloroplastic pool sizes of the primary isoprene substra

113 cumulates preferentially in the veins, while chloroplastic PPDK also accumulates in mesophyll cells.

114 each having a unique affinity for different chloroplastic precursor proteins, depending upon the exa

115 xpressed in L2/L3 tissue are associated with chloroplastic processes.

116 prene and methylbutenol (MBO), depend on the chloroplastic production of dimethylallyl diphosphate (D

117 A direct impact of chloroplastic protective energy dissipation (qE) on phot

118 an outer envelope membrane component of the chloroplastic protein import apparatus and is synthesize

119 The known envelope membrane proteins of the chloroplastic protein import apparatus lack sequence sim

120 AtTic40 is part of the chloroplastic protein import apparatus that is anchored

121 ner envelope membrane, is a component of the chloroplastic protein import apparatus.

122 Analysis of these constructs by in vitro chloroplastic protein import assays revealed that the tr

123 uture efforts to purify and characterize the chloroplastic protein import machinery.

124 Our findings show that a chloroplastic protein is intimately involved in pathogen

125 The TN protein AtTN10 interacted with the chloroplastic protein phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase in

126 insights into the evolutionary origin of the chloroplastic protein translocation channel.

127 and found the presence of homologues to pea chloroplastic protein translocation components, Tic110 a

128 n cauline leaves the transcript encoding the chloroplastic protein was most abundant.

129 and may serve as the signal peptide for this chloroplastic protein.

130 Most chloroplastic proteins are cytosolically synthesized and

131 Most chloroplastic proteins are nuclear-encoded and must be t

132 Lhcb and other nuclear genes for chloroplastic proteins are regulated by several signals.

133 he expression of many nuclear genes encoding chloroplastic proteins associated with photosynthesis.

134 e large multigenic family of nuclear encoded chloroplastic proteins called light harvesting complex (

135 transport, DCMU, abolishes the MAMP-induced chloroplastic reactive oxygen burst, and enhances growth

136 This activity prevents a chloroplastic reactive oxygen burst.

137 ient gas concentrations is controlled by the chloroplastic reductant supply.

138 oprene emission was associated with enhanced chloroplastic reductive status that suppressed light rea

139 As specific chloroplastic ROS signals are difficult to study, rapid

140 psis thaliana contains two genes that encode chloroplastic (RP1) and cytosolic (RP2) isoforms of RP,

141 s) that culminate in elevated [CO2] inside a chloroplastic Rubisco-containing structure called a pyre

142 xpression of the nuclear genes encoding both chloroplastic (Rubisco small subunit and Rubisco activas

143 tension of 84 amino acids in the form of its chloroplastic signal peptide.

144 Both the cytosolic and chloroplastic SL plants showed enhanced shoot Se concent

145 Surprisingly, the chloroplastic SL transgenics were less tolerant to Se, i

146 and -2 function in BCAA catabolism while the chloroplastic SlBCAT3 and -4 function in BCAA synthesis.

147 The gene transcript encoding chloroplastic SOD-1 is present at normal levels, whereas

148 branching enzymes, and both mutants lacked a chloroplastic starch-hydrolyzing enzyme.

149 of 391 amino acids which includes a putative chloroplastic targeting presequence.

150 dithiol/disulfide interchanges controlled by chloroplastic thioredoxin.

151 regulation and surveyed the putative role of chloroplastic thioredoxins (TRX).

152 We verified experimentally the presence of a chloroplastic transit peptide by showing that the produc

153 ase involved in riboflavin biosynthesis, the chloroplastic tRNA adenosine deaminase Arg and a predict

154 indicate redundancy in the functions of the chloroplastic Trxs.

155 tase (SOD) isozymes, three cytosolic and one chloroplastic, which are increased by supplying copper t

156 DHAR1 and DHAR2 are cytosolic while DHAR3 is chloroplastic, with no evidence for peroxisomal or mitoc