ライフサイエンスコーパス: smallpox

1 threat variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox).

2 us and Variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox).

3 where it causes disease in humans resembling smallpox.

4 mic, febrile-rash illness closely resembling smallpox.

5 have efficacy in protecting individuals from smallpox.

6 ted to variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox.

7 irus that was used as a vaccine to eradicate smallpox.

8 with the goal to identify safer vaccines for smallpox.

9 related to variola, the etiological agent of smallpox.

10 e infections can occur after vaccination for smallpox.

11 closely related to variola virus that causes smallpox.

12 although usually less severe, than those of smallpox.

13 nesis and to develop a safer vaccine against smallpox.

14 luding variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox.

15 anticipated to be equally effective against smallpox.

16 luding variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox.

17 otection against variola virus, the agent of smallpox.

18 isting or new generation VV vaccines against smallpox.

19 irus, a close relative of the virus of human smallpox.

20 exhibit improved protective efficacy against smallpox.

21 ctive component of a subunit vaccine against smallpox.

22 lates many of the clinical features of human smallpox.

23 A, varicella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and smallpox.

24 on has been highly successful in eradicating smallpox.

25 n the immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of smallpox.

26 approach that may enhance protection against smallpox.

27 rting its use as a surrogate model for human smallpox.

28 thal mousepox, the mouse equivalent of human smallpox.

29 ents a potential surrogate disease model for smallpox.

30 e men had never received vaccination against smallpox.

31 ice infected with vaccinia virus, a model of smallpox.

32 cancer since its use for the eradication of smallpox.

33 Orthopoxvirus with a presentation similar to smallpox.

34 ion of variola virus, the etiologic agent of smallpox.

35 first human pathogen to be eradicated since smallpox.

36 y responses elicited by immunization against smallpox.

37 opoxvirus related to the virus causing human smallpox.

38 played a crucial role in the eradication of smallpox.

39 measles (11.7 days), varicella (14.0 days), smallpox (17.7 days), mumps (18.0 days), rubella (18.3 d

40 and safer vaccine to protect people against smallpox, a monkeypox model of infection in cynomolgus m

41 inia virus (VV) is used as a vaccine against smallpox and a vector for eliciting strong T cell respon

42 cine strain that is efficacious against both smallpox and anthrax due to the integration of immune-en

43 Biological weapons such as smallpox and anthrax had the potential to cause a nation

44 ugh licensed vaccines are available for both smallpox and anthrax, because of inadequacies associated

45 (VV) has been used as a vaccine to eradicate smallpox and as a vaccine for HIV and tumors.

46 The detection algorithm performed better for smallpox and botulism than for anthrax and tularemia.

47 tion results in a disease that is similar to smallpox and can also be fatal.

48 y CD8(+) CTL responses in host resistance to smallpox and for the design of vaccines that produce eff

49 inical development as a safe vaccine against smallpox and heterologous infectious diseases, its immun

50 ch constitutes the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox and is a candidate vector for other infectious

51 In humans, MPXV causes a disease similar to smallpox and is considered to be an emerging infectious

52 ion of specific and long-lasting immunity to smallpox and is superior to other routes of immunization

53 induced complications of vaccination against smallpox and may also be effective in the immunoprophyla

54 induced complications of vaccination against smallpox and may also be effective in the immunoprophyla

55 over 30 years ago; orthopox viruses such as smallpox and monkeypox remain serious public health thre

56 m may exist during human infections with the smallpox and monkeypox viruses, which are highly homolog

57 n the immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy of smallpox and other orthopoxvirus diseases.

58 Smallpox and other orthopoxviruses express virulence fac

59 l previously controlled infections including smallpox and polio and that simple, effective treatment

60 cacy of these vaccines in protection against smallpox and serves as a benchmark against which other v

61 hogen than the agent of smallpox, but absent smallpox and the population-wide immunity engendered dur

62 bioterrorism and the intentional release of smallpox and through natural outbreaks of emerging infec

63 The detection limits for analyzing the Smallpox and TP53 genes correspond to 0.1 nM.

64 Together with plague, smallpox and typhus, epidemics of dysentery have been a

65 roduced by Jenner generated immunity against smallpox and ultimately led to the eradication of the di

66 Clinical differentiation of the disease from smallpox and varicella is difficult.

67 athogenic orthopoxvirus infection of humans (smallpox) and mice (mousepox [ectromelia virus {ECTV}])

68 ariola major virus, the etiological agent of smallpox, and Bacillus anthracis, the bacterial pathogen

69 and include variola, the causative agent of smallpox, and monkeypox, an emerging virus of great conc

70 Variola, the causative agent of smallpox, and the related monkeypox virus are both selec

71 nt for the development of safer vaccines for smallpox- and poxvirus-vectored recombinant vaccines.

72 The threat of smallpox as a bioweapon and the emerging threat of human

73 e of variola virus, the etiological agent of smallpox, as a bioterror agent has heightened the intere

74 The threat of a smallpox-based bioterrorist event or a human monkeypox o

75 nes but also as an immunization tool against smallpox because of its potential use as a bioterrorism

76 many infectious diseases such as measles and smallpox because of the ability of vaccination campaigns

77 s efficient human pathogen than the agent of smallpox, but absent smallpox and the population-wide im

78 ization provides lifelong protection against smallpox, but the mechanisms of this exquisite protectio

79 or public immunization against the spread of smallpox by bioterror, there is serious concern about Dr

80 table exception was the eradication of human smallpox by vaccination over 30 years ago.

81 Since the eradication of smallpox (caused by an orthopoxvirus (OPXV) related to M

82 Since routine vaccination for smallpox ceased more than 30 years ago, there is concern

83 Smallpox constitutes a major bioterrorism threat, which

84 to develop new therapeutics and vaccines for smallpox continue through their evaluation in animal mod

85 d both alastrim minor, a phenotypically mild smallpox described from the American continents, and iso

86 Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, enters and exits the host via the respiratory

87 The WHO declared smallpox eradicated in 1980.

88 smallpox vaccine strain that contributed to smallpox eradication in Brazil.

89 The success of the World Health Organization smallpox eradication program three decades ago resulted

90 scuss the role of surveillance in the global smallpox eradication program, emphasizing that the estab

91 major vaccine producer in Brazil during the smallpox eradication program.

92 dard" for infectious disease eradiation, the Smallpox Eradication Programme, utilized mass immunizati

93 ock-like structure and that the timescale of smallpox evolution is more recent than often supposed, w

94 rts, although it is difficult to distinguish smallpox from other pustular rashes by description alone

95 80, the World Health Assembly announced that smallpox had been successfully eradicated as a disease o

96 First-generation vaccines used to eradicate smallpox had rates of adverse effects that are not accep

97 Although smallpox has been eradicated from the human population,

98 es has been eliminated in the United States; smallpox has been eradicated worldwide.

99 variola virus (VARV), the etiologic agent of smallpox, has been reported in human populations for >2,

100 Smallpox holds a unique position in the history of medic

101 While the smallpox homolog of VCP is able to bind VACV A56, the ec

102 Outbreaks of smallpox (i.e., caused by variola virus) resulted in up

103 The successful eradication of smallpox in 10 years compares with the target date set i

104 Despite evidence of smallpox in antiquity, a new study of a 350 year-old Lit

105 Although there have been claims of smallpox in Egypt, India, and China dating back millenni

106 Vaccination for smallpox in humans and rinderpest in cattle was the basi

107 that protect from subsequent infections with smallpox in humans or the related ectromelia virus (ECTV

108 tion in cynomolgus macaques, which simulates smallpox in humans, was used to evaluate two vaccines, A

109 ist for >50 years after immunization against smallpox in the absence of re-exposure to VV.

110 ell as variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox) in vitro and to more effectively protect mice

111 ound that the duration of immunity following smallpox infection was remarkably similar to that observ

112 up to 30% mortality, but those who survived smallpox infection were regarded as immune for life.

113 nd the levels and duration of immunity after smallpox infection, we performed a case-control study co

114 Variola major (smallpox) infection claimed hundreds of millions lives b

115 one (IBT), a compound that was used to treat smallpox infections, induced AVGs, suggesting a role for

116 ogs of the human complement regulators named smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes (SPICE) and vac

117 oals were to characterize the ability of the smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes, SPICE, to regu

118 se of this surrogate model for testing human smallpox interventions.

119 The current vaccine against smallpox is an infectious form of vaccinia virus that ha

120 inically and immunologically most similar to smallpox is monkeypox, a zoonosis endemic to moist fores

121 y of poxviruses, variola virus (which causes smallpox) is the most pathogenic, while monkeypox virus

122 Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, is a potential bioweapon.

123 spite its documented efficacy in eradicating smallpox, is not optimal for the vaccination of contempo

124 Vaccinia virus, the live vaccine for smallpox, is one of the most successful vaccines in huma

125 Variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, is the most notorious member of the Poxviridae

126 B from variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, is the most potent TNFR of those tested here i

127 Rapid progress is likewise being made in smallpox laboratory diagnostics, smallpox vaccines, and

128 rus, the mouse homolog of the human virus of smallpox, large numbers of CD4(+) T cells in the drainin

129 mer of 2003 was the first occurrence of this smallpox-like disease outside of Africa.

130 ant to mousepox (the mouse parallel of human smallpox) lose resistance at mid-age.

131 the in vivo kinetics of T-cell responses in smallpox/monkeypox.

132 otable success of vaccination in eradicating smallpox, one of the world's most lethal diseases.

133 variola virus, the orthopoxvirus that causes smallpox, one-third of infected people succumbed to the

134 eliberate release of infectious agents, such smallpox or a related virus, monkeypox, would have catas

135 in the event of a bioterror attack involving smallpox or anthrax.

136 ndividuals with uncertain exposure status to smallpox or for whom vaccination is contraindicated.

137 atory Orthopoxvirus infection, such as human smallpox or monkeypox, remain to be fully identified.

138 le utility for imatinib mesylate in treating smallpox or MPX infections or complications associated w

139 that ST-246 may be effective in controlling smallpox or other pathogenic orthopoxviruses in some imm

140 ed by severe epidemic events such as plague, smallpox, or influenza that shaped the immune system of

141 Despite the eradication of smallpox, orthopoxviruses (OPV) remain public health con

142 The bioterror threat of a smallpox outbreak in an unvaccinated population has mobi

143 y element of the public health response to a smallpox outbreak.

144 In spite of the eradication of smallpox over 30 years ago; orthopox viruses such as sma

145 se observation of individuals with suspected smallpox, plague, or cholera.

146 or preventing many viral diseases, including smallpox, polio, measles, mumps and yellow fever.

147 Smallpox preparedness research has led to development of

148 e development of new antiviral compounds for smallpox prophylaxis and treatment is critical, especial

149 The threat of smallpox release and use as a bioweapon has encouraged t

150 The development of a subunit vaccine for smallpox represents a potential strategy to avoid the sa

151 onses and neutralizing antibody levels of 24 smallpox survivors with the antiviral immunity observed

152 For botulism and smallpox, the frequencies were 0.55% and 0.23%.

153 In response to possible bioterrorism with smallpox, the UK government vaccinated approximately 300

154 made to prepare for a deliberate release of smallpox, the United States had approximately 15 million

155 Plasma pharmacokinetics of ST-246, smallpox therapeutic, was evaluated in mice, rabbits, mo

156 ite concerns regarding the reintroduction of smallpox, there is little enthusiasm for large-scale red

157 Despite eradication of smallpox three decades ago, public health concerns remai

158 n 2011 and is only the second disease, after smallpox, to have ever been eradicated.

159 he amplified, multiplexed analysis of genes (Smallpox, TP53) and metal ions (Ag(+), Hg(2+)).

160 The potential threat of smallpox use in a bioterrorist attack has heightened the

161 s with the antiviral immunity observed in 60 smallpox-vaccinated (i.e., vaccinia virus-immune) contro

162 ntified VACV determinants were recognized by smallpox-vaccinated human peripheral blood cells in a va

163 Prevention estimated rate of death owing to smallpox vaccination (1 in 1,000,000), and many failed t

164 myo/pericarditis was observed during the US smallpox vaccination (DryVax) campaign initiated in 2002

165 V) related to MPXV) and cessation of routine smallpox vaccination (with the live OPXV vaccinia), ther

166 eratitis is a serious complication following smallpox vaccination and can lead to blindness.

167 ency, attributed in part to the cessation of smallpox vaccination and concomitant waning of populatio

168 hat the levels of immunity induced following smallpox vaccination are comparable in magnitude to that

169 als with atopic dermatitis are excluded from smallpox vaccination because of their propensity to deve

170 Thirty years after mass smallpox vaccination campaigns ceased, human monkeypox i

171 eased significantly due to cessation of mass smallpox vaccination campaigns.

172 terrorism, dermatologist knowledge regarding smallpox vaccination has not been extensively examined.

173 zed that individuals who develop fever after smallpox vaccination have genetically determined differe

174 factor (IRF1) were associated with AEs after smallpox vaccination in 2 independent study samples.

175 Fever after smallpox vaccination is associated with specific haploty

176 prompts the question of whether cessation of smallpox vaccination is driving the phenomenon, and if s

177 is increasing due to the absence of routine smallpox vaccination leading to a higher proportion of n

178 Eczema vaccinatum (EV) is a complication of smallpox vaccination occurring in patients with atopic d

179 ression changes in 197 recipients of primary smallpox vaccination representing the extremes of humora

180 Eczema vaccinatum (EV) is a complication of smallpox vaccination that can occur in persons with ecze

181 virus keratitis (VACVK) is a complication of smallpox vaccination that can result in blindness.

182 een candidate SNPs and antibody levels after smallpox vaccination with P < .05.

183 y to CMV and vaccinia virus (previous DryVax smallpox vaccination).

184 ccinia virus (VV) infection, mimicking human smallpox vaccination, greatly increased expression of th

185 Despite the success of smallpox vaccination, the immunological correlates of pr

186 as remarkably similar to that observed after smallpox vaccination, with antiviral T-cell responses th

187 esponses to nonvaccinia OPXV infections from smallpox vaccination.

188 lular immunity in subjects following primary smallpox vaccination.

189 ccount for differences in immune response to smallpox vaccination.

190 d areas, male gender, age < 15, and no prior smallpox vaccination.

191 ing to blindness is a severe complication of smallpox vaccination.

192 als who experienced adverse events following smallpox vaccination.

193 reviously assessed for clinical responses to smallpox vaccination.

194 udies focusing on CD4(+) T cell responses to smallpox vaccination.

195 likelihood of the development of fever after smallpox vaccination.

196 ightened the interest in the reinitiation of smallpox vaccination.

197 entially lethal complication associated with smallpox vaccination.

198 now that populations do not receive routine smallpox vaccination.

199 Following successful eradication of smallpox, vaccination rates with the smallpox vaccine ha

200 Two independent clinical trials of the smallpox vaccine (Aventis Pasteur) were conducted in hea

201 als (n = 1071) who received a single dose of smallpox vaccine (Dryvax, Wyeth Laboratories) and examin

202 f protective humoral immunity induced by the smallpox vaccine (vaccinia virus [VACV]).

203 f the human anti-B5 antibody response to the smallpox vaccine (vaccinia virus) are heavily dependent

204 vax vaccine or 1 of 2 lots of Sanofi Pasteur smallpox vaccine and were evaluated for vaccination succ

205 conclude that the protection afforded by the smallpox vaccine anti-EV response is predominantly media

206 , and IL-6 immune responses after receipt of smallpox vaccine are genetically controlled by HLA genes

207 We studied antibody targets in smallpox vaccine by developing potent neutralizing antib

208 Preclinical studies to date with subunit smallpox vaccine candidates, however, have been limited

209 The smallpox vaccine Dryvax, which consists of replication-c

210 ration as an alternative to the conventional smallpox vaccine Dryvax.

211 heightened the need to develop an effective smallpox vaccine for immunization of the general public.

212 several nations are developing stockpiles of smallpox vaccine for use in the event the disease is rei

213 tion of smallpox, vaccination rates with the smallpox vaccine have significantly dropped.

214 cells underwent 3-week-long expansion after smallpox vaccine immunization and displayed simple reexp

215 munospot assay [ELISPOT]) immune response to smallpox vaccine in 1076 immunized individuals.

216 es regulating the humoral immune response to smallpox vaccine in both Caucasians and African American

217 The smallpox vaccine is associated with more serious adverse

218 Smallpox vaccine is considered a gold standard of vaccin

219 Studying the immune protection mechanism of smallpox vaccine is important for understanding the basi

220 Moreover, the safety of the smallpox vaccine is of great concern, as complications m

221 The smallpox vaccine is widely considered the gold standard

222 onses upon vaccination, since its use as the smallpox vaccine led to the eradication of one of the wo

223 in IOC (VACV-IOC) was the seed strain of the smallpox vaccine manufactured by the major vaccine produ

224 enuated cell culture-adapted Lister vaccinia smallpox vaccine missing the B5R protein and licensed fo

225 etween HLA alleles and 15 immune outcomes to smallpox vaccine on a per-locus and a per-allele level.

226 Why this is the case and how the smallpox vaccine overcomes this challenge remain incompl

227 Smallpox vaccine provided protection against both infect

228 ntially lethal complication that develops in smallpox vaccine recipients with severely impaired cellu

229 es in mediating adaptive immune responses to smallpox vaccine remains unknown.

230 recent common ancestor, probably an ancient smallpox vaccine strain related to horsepox virus.

231 rization of two clones of VACV-IOC, a unique smallpox vaccine strain that contributed to smallpox era

232 ne (Wyeth/IL-15/PA) using the licensed Wyeth smallpox vaccine strain that is efficacious against both

233 Altogether, these data indicate the smallpox vaccine succeeds in generating strong neutraliz

234 The smallpox vaccine using vaccinia virus has been highly su

235 rsistent infections, influenza virus and the smallpox vaccine virus (vaccinia virus), were studied.

236 dual MHC-II-restricted vaccinia virus (VACV, smallpox vaccine) epitopes revealed that CD4(+) T cell h

237 The licensed smallpox vaccine, ACAM2000, is a cell culture derivative

238 Smallpox vaccine, arguably the most effective vaccine in

239 While the smallpox vaccine, Dryvax or Dryvax-derived ACAM2000, hol

240 Vaccination with the current smallpox vaccine, Dryvax, produces protective immunity b

241 Vaccinia virus (VACV), the smallpox vaccine, encodes many proteins that subvert the

242 MVA is a promising candidate as a safer smallpox vaccine, even for immunocompromised individuals

243 n of Wyeth Dryvax vaccine and Sanofi Pasteur smallpox vaccine, given that the resulting morbidity sho

244 cinia virus (VACV), the virus comprising the smallpox vaccine, induces memory CD8(+) T cells that pro

245 t 1 and 3-5 weeks after vaccination with the smallpox vaccine, serial measurements have not been perf

246 virus strains, including the current clonal smallpox vaccine, that the ability of a strain to spread

247 antibody responses that are elicited by the smallpox vaccine, which has enabled the first eradicatio

248 ding of the central protective activities of smallpox vaccine-elicited antibodies in immunized humans

249 e or cytokine receptor gene polymorphisms in smallpox vaccine-induced adaptive immunity.

250 IL18R1 and IL18 genetic loci for broad-based smallpox vaccine-induced adaptive immunity.

251 Our results demonstrate that variations in smallpox vaccine-induced cytokine responses are modulate

252 similarities of antigenic protein targets of smallpox vaccine-induced responses in humans and prairie

253 The mechanisms underlying smallpox vaccine-induced variations in immune responses

254 f 1056 healthy adults after a single dose of smallpox vaccine.

255 he polyclonal human antibody response to the smallpox vaccine.

256 Vaccinia virus is the smallpox vaccine.

257 viral neutralization and part of the Dryvax smallpox vaccine.

258 ination and thus provide a safer alternative smallpox vaccine.

259 that this is a fundamental attribute of the smallpox vaccine.

260 ristic of the human antibody response to the smallpox vaccine.

261 wise to exclude the B5 protein from a future smallpox vaccine.

262 None of the smallpox vaccines caused illness in this model, and all

263 Smallpox vaccines containing vaccinia virus elicit stron

264 study, we tested current and investigational smallpox vaccines for safety, induction of anti-OPXV ant

265 omised individuals, a group for whom current smallpox vaccines have an unacceptable safety profile.

266 This evaluation of different human smallpox vaccines in cynomolgus macaques helps to provid

267 model for the safety and efficacy testing of smallpox vaccines in pre- and postexposure vaccine testi

268 Therefore, the development of safer smallpox vaccines that can match the immunogenicity and

269 Therefore, the search for new-generation smallpox vaccines that combine low pathogenicity, immune

270 Alternative smallpox vaccines with an improved safety profile would

271 ing made in smallpox laboratory diagnostics, smallpox vaccines, and antiviral medications.

272 esponding to the live yellow fever virus and smallpox vaccines--two highly successful human vaccines.

273 rant further assessment as candidate subunit smallpox vaccines.

274 infections, and the side effects of existing smallpox vaccines.

275 od options for alternative second-generation smallpox vaccines.

276 us complications associated with traditional smallpox vaccines.

277 les of the poxviral complement inhibitors of smallpox, vaccinia, and monkeypox known as SPICE, VCP (o

278 Immunization against smallpox (variola virus) with Dryvax, a live vaccinia vi

279 oxviruses (OPVs), which include the agent of smallpox (variola virus), the zoonotic monkeypox virus,

280 1L protein is a potent vaccinia and variola (smallpox) virulence factor.

281 Orthopoxviruses (OPVs), such as the human smallpox virus and the mouse-equivalent ectromelia virus

282 segment of approximately 30,000 bases of the smallpox virus genome.

283 tures of human RCA (MCP, DAF, and CR1) and a smallpox virus homolog (SPICE) bound to complement compo

284 The K7L gene product of the smallpox virus is a protease implicated in the maturatio

285 ating nucleotide sequences for all 14 of the smallpox virus strains hybridized.

286 Recently we determined structures of the smallpox virus topoisomerase bound to DNA in covalent an

287 Here we present crystal structures of the smallpox virus topoisomerase enzyme bound both covalentl

288 cinia virus (VV) that is conserved in J8R of smallpox virus variola major.

289 inC1, and A39R is a Sema7A mimic secreted by smallpox virus.

290 us pathway, G4, which is almost identical in smallpox virus.

291 Poxviruses including vaccinia and smallpox viruses express PKR inhibitors such as the vacc

292 Smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980 after an intens

293 Although smallpox was eradicated as a global illness more than 30

294 zing antibodies induced after infection, but smallpox was eradicated before contemporary methods for

295 Smallpox was eradicated without an adequate understandin

296 onse in people previously vaccinated against smallpox was evaluated by the inclusion of vaccinia-expe

297 without affecting cell viability.IMPORTANCE Smallpox was one of the most devastating diseases in hum

298 strains, the more clinically severe form of smallpox, which spread from Asia either 400 or 1,600 YBP

299 of hepatitis C, avian influenza (H5N1), and smallpox without making changes to the underlying assay.

300 xvirus and was the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox, yet the expression profiles of many of its gen