1 iber did not significantly alter the surface smear layer.

2 learly evident in the spectra of acid-etched smear layers.

3 acid-etched carbide- and diamond-bur-created smear layers.

4 expose the dentin and ground to simulate the smeared layer.

5             Whereas 75 mg/ml TCN removed the smear layer, 1 mg/ml TCN had no effects.

6  four time periods with a fluxmeter: 1) with smear layer, 2) after 37% phosphoric acid etching, 3) af

7 eated with acidic conditioners to remove the smear layer and decalcify the surface to expose the coll

8 ne control ineffectively removed the surface smear layer and dentinal tubules remained partially to t

9 project tested the null hypothesis that such smear layers are totally removed with current etchants.

10 s that are anticollagenolytic and remove the smear layer, but have low cytotoxicity.

11 monly reported that acid etchants remove the smear layer, but to date, there has been no chemical evi

12  mg/ml) or low (1 mg/ml) cytotoxicity on the smear layer by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

13                                              Smear layer/demineralized/mineralized dentin interfaces

14 al therapy, and TCN treatment can remove the smear layer following root instrumentation.

15          Tetracycline HCI removed the dentin smear layer leaving clean and open tubules significantly

16 easured by its ability to affect both dentin smear layer removal and dentin tubule exposure.

17                                              Smear layer removal was attained by doxycycline and mino

18  features in the spectra of the EDTA-treated smear layer showed relative intensity ratios similar to

19 bited MMP-2 and -9 but had no effects on the smear layer, TCN is not recommended for root surface tre

20         The disorganized collagen within the smear layer was not removed but was denatured by the aci

21      It may be concluded that removal of the smear layer with phosphoric acid provides significantly