ライフサイエンスコーパス: spore

1 d on 1 day (geometric mean dose, 1.1 x 10(8) spores).

2 mble in the inner membrane of the developing spore.

3 starvation differentiates to form a dormant spore.

4 l as the CdeC protein that is present on the spore.

5 lanin which coats the surface of single cell spores.

6 t and is also a germinant for most bacterial spores.

7 roducing dead spores or even failing to form spores.

8 ted flies by dusting the cuticle with fungal spores.

9 spores behaving differently than individual spores.

10 ally interferes with formation of outgrowing spores.

11 stages: vegetative hyphae, aerial hyphae and spores.

12 ct in formation of environmentally resistant spores.

13 llowing intranasal infections of up to 4,400 spores.

14 for the efficient germination of B. subtilis spores.

15 ification and characterization of pollen and spores.

16 produce copious amounts of enterotoxins and spores.

17 challenge with 200 LD50 aerosolized anthrax spores.

18 ) fruiting body made of dead stalk cells and spores.

19 microparticles and B. anthracis Sterne 34F2 spores.

20 ation and early growth within communities of spores.

21 ultigenomic hyphae into chains of unigenomic spores.

22 uild mounds in which some differentiate into spores.

23 imally sized aggregates for the dispersal of spores.

24 genotypes and dose of parasite transmission spores.

25 rine are also co-germinants for C. difficile spores.

26 environments and transmits between hosts via spores.

27 on of cereose-containing glycan on B. cereus spores.

28 l (and contained up to 189 mg glycerol g dry spores(-1) ).

29 rom gaps that may be only 1 cm high and lift spores 10 cm or more into the air.

30 cerevisiae undergo meiosis and form haploid spores, a process collectively referred to as sporulatio

31 of impermeability of the inner membranes of spores, accompanied by a decrease in spore resistance an

32 ins have been suggested to facilitate fungal spore adhesion and to direct the action of the enzyme cu

33 called exosporium that plays a major role in spore adhesion and virulence.

34 ated inhalation of dry Aspergillus fumigatus spores aerosolized at concentrations potentially encount

35 ation and a characteristic Raman spectrum on spore and hyphae exposed to BITC.

36 ed proxy for ultraviolet irradiance based on spore and pollen chemistry can be used over long (10(5)

37 ore and the soil environment and between the spore and the infected host during the initial stages of

38 rium is the site of interactions between the spore and the soil environment and between the spore and

39 ure media was in the size range of bacterial spores and crystal toxins.

40 factor alpha is triggered by hyphae but not spores and depends upon Dectin-1, a C-type lectin recept

41 en control and BITC treated samples, both in spores and hyphae.

42 dly diversified, with durable engraftment of spores and no outgrowth of non-spore-forming bacteria fo

43 m solar irradiance, the chemical analysis of spores and pollen offers unprecedented opportunities to

44 ), we observed rupturing of Amazonian fungal spores and subsequent release of submicrometer size frag

45 e exosporium basal layer of B. cereus family spores and that it can self-assemble into complex struct

46 ascospores produce both self-fertile (large-spores) and self-sterile (small-spores) offsprings in a

47 utive days (geometric mean dose, 1.7 x 10(9) spores), and those in cohort 2 were treated on 1 day (ge

48 e and insect cuticles, pollen grains, fungal spores, and insect eggs.

49 property that lowers surface tension, a cell/spore antiaggregant, and an adherence property that incr

50 ra (aOR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05), and total spores (aOR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.09) was significantly

51 Bacterial spores are the most resistant form of life known on Eart

52 Spores are usually regarded as biochemically dormant, bu

53 rmination and interactions among germinating spores as beneficial germination strategies in uncertain

54 Using yeast or spores as infecting particles, we discovered that both c

55 li, bacteriophage MS2, and Bacillus subtilis spores as surrogates for pathogens under UV/H2O2 and UV/

56 Morphological features of spores assure their resistance to stress factors such as

57 heric transformations of airborne biological spores at elevated relative humidity remain poorly under

58 Furthermore, rupturing of fungal spores at high humidity may explain the bursting events

59 ates convective airflows capable of carrying spores at speeds of centimeters per second.

60 angia that grow from their bases and release spores at their tips.

61 CNS responses were examined during spore attachment, fungal germination and pre-penetration

62 In this work, a spore-based biosensor is evaluated to monitor the microb

63 ,000 (10 K) or 40,000 (40 K) live N. ceranae spores/bee, Vg titers were significantly elevated by + 8

64 ion patterns were important with clusters of spores behaving differently than individual spores.

65 nt, and an adherence property that increases spores binding to surfaces.

66 n enter three developmental pathways to form spores, biofilms or K-state cells.

67 expected role for protein phosphorylation in spore biology.

68 e vacuole membranes that are enriched in the spore body relative to the germ tube.

69 Subsequently, they move away from the spore body to occupy the periphery of the nascent cell.

70 le copper is preferentially localized to the spore body.

71 These results suggest that C. difficile spores can respond to a diverse set of amino acid co-ger

72 expressed on the vegetative cell surface or spore coat of C. difficile These include two dehydrogena

73 observed low levels of identity between the spore coat protein H (CotH), and the Fam20C-related secr

74 g cotH in B. subtilis led us to identify two spore coat proteins, CotB and CotG, as CotH substrates.

75 bacteria embed alanine racemases into their spore coats, and these enzymes are thought to convert th

76 Mold spore concentrations were not associated with MI.

77 of these fungi is the production of asexual spores (conidia) within fruiting bodies called conidioma

78 tous human fungal pathogen, produces asexual spores (conidia), which are the main mode of propagation

79 These organisms produce spores containing an outer layer, the exosporium.

80 GFP and Ctr5-Cherry first co-localize at the spore contour, followed by re-location to a middle perip

81 r C. perfringens type A food poisoning since spores contribute to transmission and resistance in the

82 Bees with high N. ceranae spore counts had significantly increased walking rates a

83 sed to assess associations with increases in spore counts while controlling for potential confounding

84 ell death confirmed that infection from high spore densities activates JA-dependent defenses with exc

85 cessive cell death, while infection from low spore densities induces SA-dependent defenses with lower

86 these stochastic properties are affected by spore density and chemicals released from spores, germin

87 ecrotrophic lifestyles, depending on initial spore density and distribution on the leaf surface.

88 ROS-dependent defenses, depending on initial spore density and distribution on the leaf.

89 It has long been thought that spores depend on favorable winds for dispersal--that act

90 respect to both anthrax disease progression, spore detection for biodefense, as well as understanding

91 ion in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Germinating spores develop a single germ tube that emerges from the

92 utants defective in placement of oriC during spore development in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillu

93 receptor is poised on a knife's edge during spore development.

94 LDs are also essential for other aspects of spore development.

95 lation-induced genes required for successful spore development.

96 lling and morphogenetic proteins involved in spore development.

97 ly agents of transmission and dissemination, spores directly contribute to the establishment and prom

98 winds for dispersal--that active control of spore dispersal by the parent fungus is limited to an im

99 Long-term mean spore dispersal trends (predominant direction, frequenci

100 After breaking of spore dormancy, Ctr6 localizes to the vacuole membranes

101 increased fungal lethality to mosquitoes at spore dosages as low as one conidium per mosquito.

102 e also found that cereose represented 0.2-1% spore dry weight.

103 f C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice with live Deltacps1 spores either intranasally, intraperitoneally, or subcut

104 Consequently, spore elimination in industrial and medical environments

105 subtilis which monitors the assembly of the spore envelope and specifically eliminates, through cell

106 efficient dispersal of desiccation tolerant spores, evolved in the ancestral land plant.

107 Aged spores exhibited higher dormancy but could efficiently g

108 in hamsters immunized with Bacillus subtilis spores expressing a carboxy-terminal segment (TcdA26-39)

109 ve bacterium Bacillus subtilis forms durable spores for survival.

110 divide asymmetrically to produce the future spore (forespore) compartment.

111 Cells deleted for fin are defective for spore formation and exhibit increased levels of sigma(F)

112 enesis, the molecular mechanisms controlling spore formation are not well understood.

113 ory pathways by which C. difficile initiates spore formation are poorly understood.

114 ptional regulators governing the pathway for spore formation in aerial hyphae.

115 During spore formation in Bacillus subtilis a transenvelope com

116 ired forespore gene expression and efficient spore formation in vivo.

117 Spore formation is likely to be a critical factor in the

118 st highly expressed gene during C. difficile spore formation, a previous study reported that Alr2 has

119 l mutant of SM101 showed decreased levels of spore formation, along with lower levels of CPE producti

120 (MAPK) in budding yeast that is required for spore formation.

121 s that had not been previously implicated in spore formation.

122 enes for roles in chromosome segregation and spore formation.

123 aits, e.g.: spore size versus viability; and spore-formation (via aggregation) versus staying vegetat

124 ces in the environment and were enriched for spore-formation genes.

125 To assess the impact of ceragenin CSA-13 on spores formed by Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051), we perfo

126 plications for exosporium formation in other spore forming bacteria, including Clostridium species.

127 Lactobacilli are non-spore forming, lactic acid producing, gram-positive rods

128 Spore-forming bacteria are a class of microorganisms tha

129 ngraftment of spores and no outgrowth of non-spore-forming bacteria found after SER-109 treatment.

130 ity to the Rap sporulation proteins of other spore-forming bacteria.

131 The spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis frequently exp

132 f exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the probiotic spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis protects mice

133 he SpoIID family from two community relevant spore-forming pathogens, Bacillus anthracis and Clostrid

134 Spores from a variety of species, including Aspergillus

135 s are essential not simply for protection of spores from biotic and abiotic stresses but also for spo

136 ly detected in a 1:1 mixture with B. pumilus spores from equal concentrations (10(7)spores/mL) with a

137 Convective cells can transport spores from gaps that may be only 1 cm high and lift spo

138 Strategies to efficiently remove fungal spores from hospital surfaces and, ideally, patient skin

139 omoted or inhibited by compounds released by spores from the same or different species, and all speci

140 ough a series of transitions, beginning with spore germination and culminating with establishment of

141 und to be a potent inhibitor of C. difficile spore germination and poorly permeable in a Caco-2 model

142 s of these compounds strongly inhibited rust spore germination and reduced hyphal growth.

143 vegetative growth, but the requirements for spore germination are incompletely understood.

144 al because the loss of SOD1 activity blocked spore germination at outgrowth.

145 possess a full complement of sporulation and spore germination genes and we demonstrate the ability t

146 could affect C. difficile l-alanine-induced spore germination in a defined medium.

147 Here, we show that copper is essential for spore germination in Schizosaccharomyces pombe Germinati

148 the environmental and hormonal regulation of spore germination in the model bryophyte Physcomitrella

149 tration (IC50) values of mycelium growth and spore germination inhibition.

150 rt the l-alanine germinant into d-alanine, a spore germination inhibitor.

151 Less is known about how spore germination is controlled in earlier-evolving nons

152 C. difficile spore germination is triggered in response to certain bi

153 in both assays, with complete inhibition of spore germination observed at 10-25 muM.

154 and SOD1 are required for completion of the spore germination program.

155 During fungal spore germination, a resting spore returns to a conventi

156 GerM, a lipoprotein previously implicated in spore germination, as the missing factor required for Sp

157 on medium reduced M. sexta growth and fungal spore germination, respectively.

158 of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) during spore germination.

159 inhibitory effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on spore germination.

160 n prepared that inhibit taurocholate-induced spore germination.

161 al conditions prompting cell sporulation and spores germination.

162 by spore density and chemicals released from spores, germination interactions were quantified for fou

163 ospora crassa, genetically identical asexual spores (germlings) communicate and fuse in a highly regu

164 ethyl-6-deoxyhexose structure were linked to spore glycans in Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and ATCC 108

165 Persistence of C. difficile spores greatly contributes to the spread of C. difficile

166 erium, which was previously regarded as 'non-sporing', helping to explain its widespread occurrence i

167 CotH is a component of the spore in many bacterial and eukaryotic species, and is r

168 repressor affecting the quantity of asexual spores in Aspergillus.

169 and is required for efficient germination of spores in Bacillus subtilis; however, the mechanism by w

170 le to no role in germination of C. difficile spores in rich medium.

171 infection resulting from the germination of spores in the intestine as a consequence of antibiotic-m

172 se genes that acts to kill gametes (known as spores in yeast) that do not inherit the gene from heter

173 th with and without a subsequent exposure to spores, indicating that a portion of the increase in the

174 esis of the critical components required for spore integrity and resistance, such as dipicolinic acid

175 re was no evidence of a relationship between spore intensity and learning, and only limited evidence

176 We also tested whether spore intensity was associated with variation in learnin

177 hage-hyphal interface but not the macrophage-spore interface due to differences in carbohydrate antig

178 e bacterium Bacillus subtilis into a dormant spore is among the most well-characterized developmental

179 ndosporulation, through which the developing spore is nurtured.

180 The formation of spores is critical for the survival of Clostridium diffi

181 ween macrophage cells and Bacillus anthracis spores is of significant importance with respect to both

182 exosporium forms the outermost layer of some spores; it plays roles in protection, adhesion, dissemin

183 Spores lacking Ctr4, Ctr5, and the copper sensor Cuf1 ex

184 ch in turn results in the production of long spore-like compartments with multiple chromosomes.

185 on-polar cardenolide compounds decreased the spore load of infected butterflies, they also reduced th

186 evealed that the sum of bacterial and fungal spores mass represented only a minor OMCOARSE fraction (

187 tive in membrane remodeling, and impaired in spore maturation.

188 ed mutant phenotypes are required for timely spore maturation.

189 omata that is correlated with sporangial and spore maturation.

190 te polymers covering the surface of Bacillus spores may have a profound impact on the way that spores

191 ter both contribute to the production of the spore metabolite endocrocin.

192 tractions of a pathogen matrix, as few as 18 spores/microL.

193 milus spores from equal concentrations (10(7)spores/mL) with a secondary antibody amplification.

194 by direct capture at a concentration of 10(7)spores/mL, and with a secondary antibody amplification a

195 ody amplification at a concentration of 10(5)spores/mL.

196 t were tested improved survival of mice in a spore model of anthrax infection.

197 We found that alr2 mutant spores more readily germinate in response to l-alanine a

198 PK) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that couples spore morphogenesis to the completion of chromosome segr

199 Spore tetrads develop in spore mother cell walls within a mucilaginous matrix, bo

200 Whereas healthy people can inhale spores of A. fumigatus without developing disease, neutr

201 isting of: i) soil samples containing fungal spores of B. bassiana and B. brongniartii in known dilut

202 ion for spores of B. globigii, and to detect spores of B. globigii in a mixed sample containing anoth

203 Spores of B. globigii were detected by anti-B. globigii

204 Spores of B. globigii were differentially detected in a

205 used to determine the limit of detection for spores of B. globigii, and to detect spores of B. globig

206 bSi on growing cells, dormant and germinated spores of B. subtilis, and dormant spores of several oth

207 illars gave no killing or rupture of dormant spores of B. subtilis, Bacillus cereus or Bacillus megat

208 study the effect of sterilization process on spores of Bacillus atrophaeus.

209 The lab-measured reproductive skew in the spores of chimeras indicates strong social antagonism th

210 Environmental exposure to spores of pathogenic fungi can result in subclinical and

211 erminated spores of B. subtilis, and dormant spores of several other Bacillus species by incubation o

212 The spores of the Bacillus cereus group (B. cereus, Bacillus

213 ora crassa Genetically identical germinating spores of this fungus undergo cell-cell fusion, thereby

214 Larvae were injected with conidia (asexual spores) of two different wild-type strains of N. fumigat

215 rtile (large-spores) and self-sterile (small-spores) offsprings in a 4:4 ratio.

216 e to UV radiation, while viabilities of free spore, olive oil formulation and GO formulation were 32.

217 as 68.89%, while the same parameter for free spore, olive oil formulation and GO formulation were 40%

218 into fruiting bodies that contain persistent spores on top of a cellular stalk.

219 d display disrupted spindles, producing dead spores or even failing to form spores.

220 plant life cycles, usually via formation of spores or seeds.

221 Regulation of spore- or seed-germination allows control over the timin

222 illions of stochastic trajectories of fungal spores over dynamically changing host and environmental

223 er, 5-thyminyl-5,6-dihydrothymine, i.e., the spore photoproduct (SP).

224 It suggests pzX is an active player in spore physiology and may provide new insights to the suc

225 Spore pigmentation is very common in the fungal kingdom.

226 y counts of ambient concentrations of fungal spores, pollen, and air pollutants.

227 illus could represent a trait shared by many spore-producing microorganisms.

228 ancestral and selected fungi, especially for spore production and growth, demonstrating rapid evoluti

229 terplay of high fertilization rates, massive spore production and long-distance dispersal, which may

230 We find that spore production comes at the expense of time to complet

231 ding to a successful strategy for maximizing spore production from each fertilization event.

232 wer growth of mycelia with delayed and lower spore production than C. posadasii, and in vitro spherul

233 m the one-dimensional assessment of fitness (spore production) and that the solution lies in tradeoff

234 sperm/pollen or meiotic drive during gamete/spore production.

235 s have modest defects in the assembly of the spore protective layers that are exacerbated in the pres

236 llowed by re-location to a middle peripheral spore region.

237 s may have a profound impact on the way that spores regulate their interactions with biotic and abiot

238 The differentiation into spores requires extensive changes in gene expression.

239 anes of spores, accompanied by a decrease in spore resistance and killing take place.

240 tants exhibited no changes in sporulation or spore resistance to heat.

241 obust layer that would contribute to overall spore resistance.

242 ient to disrupt the structure of B. subtilis spores resulting in decreased viability.

243 During fungal spore germination, a resting spore returns to a conventional mode of cell division an

244 ance, such as dipicolinic acid (DPA) and the spore's inner membrane.

245 n, and, depending on the experimental setup, spore size and viability.

246 between multiple life-history traits, e.g.: spore size versus viability; and spore-formation (via ag

247 ta of a healthy individual produce resilient spores, specialized for host-to-host transmission.

248 ormation of the dormant cell type called the spore (sporulation), the direct link between PHB accumul

249 ctly from the host or, during the dispersive spore stage, via glycolysis.

250 rom biotic and abiotic stresses but also for spore structural development.

251 to this is CotE, a protein displayed on the spore surface and carrying 2 functional elements, an N-t

252 or to TcdA26-39 expressed on the B. subtilis spore surface, cross-react with a number of seemingly un

253 Exposures to several outdoor fungal spore taxa, including some not reported in previous rese

254 Spore tetrads develop in spore mother cell walls within

255 ex connecting the mother cell and developing spore that is required to maintain forespore differentia

256 only growing bacterial cells or also dormant spores that are harder to kill.

257 to differentiate into metabolically dormant spores that can survive extreme conditions.

258 genes and we demonstrate the ability to form spores that survive exposure to air.

259 In the case of spores, the exposure was detected in as little as 1 h wi

260 nd times more single-celled asexual conidial spores, three times sooner than the ancestral genotype.

261 sporulation, so that upon the release of the spore to the extracellular milieu it becomes surrounded

262 o openings and are likely used to anchor the spore to the host.

263 The failure of ppk1 spores to accumulate polyP results in a germination defe

264 icile infection (CDI), and the resistance of spores to antimicrobials facilitates the relapse of infe

265 us is limited to an impulse delivered to the spores to carry them clear of the gill surface.

266 The ability of these spores to germinate, and the kinetics of germination, we

267 tes with a decreased ability of P. infestans spores to germinate, suggesting a contribution of secret

268 ced synergistic effects, requiring 45% fewer spores to kill half of the mosquitoes in 5 days as singl

269 tro and ex vivo that CotE enables binding of spores to mucus by direct interaction with mucin and con

270 asidiomycete fungal species rely on mushroom spores to spread across landscapes.

271 We demonstrate here that the attachment of spores to the intestine is essential in the development

272 on of very high doses (10,000 to 2.5 x 10(7) spores) to NSG and BALB/c mice, spherules were observed

273 rovides the first quantitative assessment of spore transmission frequencies and amounts amongst all w

274 global wheat production, because the fungal spores transmitting the disease can be wind-dispersed ov

275 ota and commonly fail to eradicate bacterial spores, two key factors that allow recurrence of infecti

276 with almost 100% of insects infected with 6 spores unable to transmit malaria within 5 days post-inf

277 ation process is stochastic at three levels: spores vary in their germination times, mycelium network

278 wn to interact with Hop1 and to suppress the spore viability defects of hop1 mutant alleles.

279 der all conditions tested and exhibits lower spore viability during meiosis.

280 Spore viability was measured for protective effect and b

281 estabilization of the FPC results in reduced spore viability, delayed replication, changes in recombi

282 cking TAG or impaired of TAG hydrolysis show spore wall assembly defects, supporting a role for TAG a

283 Not only does LD integrity influence spore wall assembly, LDs are also essential for other as

284 ngs link meiotic exit to Smk1 activation and spore wall assembly.

285 single germ tube that emerges from the outer spore wall in a process called outgrowth.

286 ing a role for TAG and/or its metabolites in spore wall morphogenesis.

287 ane (PSMs) and specialized, stress-resistant spore walls.

288 SA-13 treatment the number of CaDPA-positive spores was clearly diminished.

289 ely, whereas the inactivation of B. subtilis spores was slightly enhanced.

290 ng immunization with recombinant B. subtilis spores were able to reduce the adhesion of C. difficile

291 The resulting spores were fractionated and encapsulated for oral deliv

292 Stochastically germinating spores were frequently promoted or inhibited by compound

293 Germinating A. fumigatus spores were observed in lungs along with persistent fung

294 megaterium, although germinated B. subtilis spores were rapidly killed.

295 aeroallergen concentrations (pollen and mold spores) were assigned to case and control periods using

296 e formation of cereose-containing glycans on spores, whereas others such as Bacillus anthracis do not

297 ifficile is an anaerobic pathogen that forms spores which promote survival in the environment and tra

298 cillus and Clostridium form highly resistant spores, which in the case of some pathogens act as the i

299 ty and also elicits premature germination of spores with improperly assembled protective layers resul

300 e cells of C. elegans tissues before forming spores, with two species causing syncytial formation in