ライフサイエンスコーパス: symbiont

1 ch, in return, delivers carbohydrates to the symbiont.

2 ses: one for the plant and the other for the symbiont.

3 unaltered by the presence of a co-infecting symbiont.

4 les living in rotten trees with a wood-decay symbiont.

5 coevolutionary interactions between host and symbiont.

6 and evaluated the putative functions of this symbiont.

7 ural enemies and by the cost of carrying the symbiont.

8 a role in the recognition of Rhizobium as a symbiont.

9 suggestive of its lifestyle as an obligatory symbiont.

10 reversibly asexual, further linking host and symbiont.

11 re often prevented by priority effects among symbionts.

12 um-like, Solitalea-like, and Bartonella-like symbionts.

13 s describing toxic effects on host plant and symbionts.

14 ertically, but not horizontally, transmitted symbionts.

15 rucial role in recognition and regulation of symbionts.

16 de insight into the demographic evolution of symbionts.

17 stributed, insect-associated, Sodalis-allied symbionts.

18 hich enables intracellular infection by root symbionts.

19 w vascular connections to tissues supporting symbionts.

20 genes, converting soil bacteria into legume symbionts.

21 re typically colonized by specific bacterial symbionts.

22 nctions of colonization factors in bacterial symbionts.

23 also bleaching, the loss of essential algal symbionts.

24 buscule development in the absence of fungal symbionts.

25 tive mode and maternal transmission of algal symbionts.

26 pathogenic fungi but are also found as plant symbionts.

27 ates, leading to stronger interactions among symbionts.

28 because they create new niches for microbial symbionts.

29 pending on plant interactions with microbial symbionts.

30 ed buoyancy evolves only when offspring bear symbionts.

31 adox in the functioning of prokaryotic (endo)symbionts.

32 al polysaccharides also originate from these symbionts.

33 to determine whether ancient corals harbored symbionts.

34 ng irreversible dependence between hosts and symbionts.

35 muciniphila (an anaerobic, mucinophilic gut symbiont(7,8)), stimulated proliferation and migration o

36 d evolutionary benefits of independence from symbionts, a lifestyle that may be widespread among anim

37 ncentrations are independent of light, algal symbiont abundance and bleaching status, but depend on c

38 body and ovarian protein content, yeast-like symbionts abundance, ovarian development and vitellogeni

39 des the opportunity to assess the effects of symbiont acquisitions and replacements on the shift into

40 sms by which the hibernator host and its gut symbionts adapt to the altered nutritional landscape dur

41 However, we do not know how symbionts affect host fitness when the latter are subjec

42 morphology and phylogenetic position of each symbiont, all three represent new Pseudotrichonympha spe

43 ation of the initial engagement of microbial symbionts along ciliated tissues.

44 ter, as the ratio of genomic copy numbers of symbiont and host, as well as developmental time and fec

45 influence the outcome of symbiosis for both symbiont and host.

46 dentifies a novel RIP in an insect defensive symbiont and suggests an underlying RIP-dependent mechan

47 ymbiont community assembly is driven by host-symbiont and symbiont-symbiont interactions.

48 ically one which incorporates root microbial symbionts and antagonists, if we are to better understan

49 similar molecular strategies are deployed by symbionts and pathogens to dampen immune responses is co

50 We propose that in addition to symbionts and pathogens, SSPs also have roles in saproph

51 Genetic mutations, infection by parasites or symbionts, and other events can transform the way that a

52 The symbionts appear to be auxotrophic for some vitamins, bu

53 t recent examples demonstrate that defensive symbionts are both quite common and diverse.

54 caterpillar gut, but host-specific, resident symbionts are largely absent.

55 Our results show that protective symbionts are not necessarily advantageous to their host

56 utrient-provisioning, vertically transmitted symbionts are removed.

57 Second, mutualism losses occurred where symbionts are scarce, in our system at high altitudes.

58 ny heritable mutualisms, in which beneficial symbionts are transmitted vertically between host genera

59 , and may better prepare us to use defensive symbionts as biocontrol agents.

60 vironmental factors can cause shifts in host-symbiont associations.

61 e strong patterns of depth zonation in algal symbionts at two of these locations.

62 Here, we identified human symbiont bacterial species, in particular Bifidobacteriu

63 s-feeding enzyme system in the prominent gut symbiont Bacteroides ovatus, which digests polysaccharid

64 he eight different capsules of the human gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron.

65 of insecticide resistance, human-bed bug and symbiont-bed bug associations, and unique features of be

66 Multiple patterns are observed, with symbionts being cold sensitive in some species and heat

67 tions and in some instances by redundancy of symbiont benefits.

68 ity and diversity plays an important role in symbiont biogeography, which may ultimately lead to a mo

69 h minocycline or rifampicin (RIF) to deplete symbionts, block embryogenesis, and stop microfilariae p

70 Merr.) and its compatible symbiont, Bradyrhizobium japonicum.

71 siphon pisum) and its maternally transmitted symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola Using experimental crosses

72 The symbiont buffers overall toxicity only when, in the abse

73 , domatium entrance hole size, which filters symbionts by size.

74 sults reveal a novel mechanism through which symbionts can benefit their hosts and emphasise the impo

75 Our results show that defensive symbionts can cause extinction cascades in experimental

76 Defensive symbionts can have surprisingly large effects on host an

77 and symbionts employ similar machinery, yet symbionts can minimize host damage.

78 sms that reduce the fitness of uncooperative symbionts can stabilise mutualism against collapse, but

79 Bivalves host archaeal methanogenic symbionts carrying out preferentially hydrogenotrophic m

80 hat extensive sharing of gene products among symbiont cells must occur.

81 roups, the predominant families of bacterial symbionts change with each larval instar despite consist

82 iling to characterize a pathway from the gut symbiont Clostridium sporogenes that generates aromatic

83 e conclude that the long-term maintenance of symbiont co-infections in aphids is likely to be determi

84 favour host resistance which in turn reduces symbiont colonization and subsequently reduce symbiont-s

85 mes favour tolerance and consequently higher symbiont colonization rates, leading to stronger interac

86 elucidated the significance of giant enteric symbionts colonizing these fishes regarding their roles

87 Symbionts commonly evolve to compete within the host eco

88 Mammals host diverse bacterial and archaeal symbiont communities (i.e. microbiomes) that play import

89 cture is evident across the phylum, although symbiont communities are characterized by specialists an

90 Using symbiont communities from amphibian hosts sampled from w

91 t far less is known about the composition of symbiont communities through space and time.

92 ponges display remarkable stability in their symbiont communities, both spatially and temporally, yet

93 Ascidians hosted diverse symbiont communities, consisting of 5,696 unique microbi

94 g of 16S rRNA gene sequences to characterize symbiont communities.

95 relevant for improving our knowledge of ant-symbiont communities: interaction specificity, network m

96 Symbiont community assembly is driven by host-symbiont a

97 istance can have a prevailing influence over symbiont community assembly when symbiosis is disadvanta

98 ition-which mediates transmission-both drive symbiont community composition in this system.

99 Understanding the drivers of symbiont community patterns has implications ranging fro

100 ts complexity rather than composition of the symbiont community.

101 e revealed clear differentiation of ascidian symbionts compared to seawater bacterioplankton, and dis

102 t despite moderate spatio-temporal shifts in symbiont composition, core symbiont functions (e.g. nitr

103 evolutionary time, but that unresolved host-symbiont conflict may have precluded these wild-type sym

104 nd sulfate respiration, indicating potential symbiont contributions to energy acquisition during prey

105 further supporting their importance and host-symbiont cospeciation.

106 he hosts with endosymbionts, suggesting that symbionts could escape symbiosis, but only under conditi

107 member of a highly diverse, ancient group of symbionts cryptically distributed outside the PAG.

108 s and O. faveolata, and species with reduced symbiont density (Montastraea cavernosa and Pseudodiplor

109 how protist hosts use and abuse their algal symbionts depending on their needs.

110 y, geographic isolation and coevolution with symbionts derived from very different soils have potenti

111 ms that resolve the paradox of uncooperative symbionts differ among host species.

112 We note that some facultative symbionts directly alter host thermotolerance.

113 Although these symbionts disrupt a range of developmental processes [8-

114 ant community-level differences in microbial symbiont diversity, structure and composition when sampl

115 omic analyses revealed in the absence of the symbiont during modeled microgravity there was an enrich

116 Symbiont elimination results in a drastically reduced ho

117 Pathogens and symbionts employ similar machinery, yet symbionts can mi

118 re enhanced by its seed-transmissible fungal symbiont (endophyte) Epichloe coenophiala.

119 tentative species bacteria, as well as three symbionts/endosybionts.

120 WBD-infected corals, whereas putative coral symbiont Endozoicomonas and Halomonadaceae abundances de

121 e, highly polyploid, uncultivated intestinal symbiont Epulopiscium sp. type B using fluorescent in si

122 development, we must consider how hosts and symbionts evolve.

123 Spiroplasma was identified as a new symbiont exclusively in Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and G

124 These results suggest ascidian microbial symbionts exhibit a high degree of host-specificity, for

125 s are stable and characterized by generalist symbionts exhibiting amensal and/or commensal interactio

126 hese results demonstrate the key role of the symbiont F. major and its sphingolipids in mucosal homeo

127 Although gut symbionts facilitate degradation of resources that would

128 ains host biochemical signals known to prime symbionts for colonization.

129 Symbiont-free individuals of the sea anemone Exaiptasia

130 ther the pathogens evolved from symbionts or symbionts from pathogens.

131 However, offspring acquire symbionts from the environment in a surprising number of

132 erns in corals and their intracellular algal symbionts from two replicate population pairs in Papua N

133 We find that both transmission mode and symbiont function are correlated with host dependence, w

134 l symbioses to test for correlations between symbiont function, transmission mode, genome size and ho

135 emporal shifts in symbiont composition, core symbiont functions (e.g. nitrogen cycling) can be mainta

136 ia extends to mating, and is mediated by the symbiont gaining transcriptional control of the fungal r

137 ecological and evolutionary implications of symbiont gains, switches, and replacements, and identify

138 tive correlation between host dependence and symbiont genome size in vertically, but not horizontally

139 s three-way symbiosis by sequencing host and symbiont genomes for five diverse mealybug species and f

140 t involves a lignocellulose-degrading fungal symbiont (genus Termitomyces), a diverse gut microbiota

141 Such nutritional subsidies by intracellular symbionts have been well studied; however, supplementati

142 Historically, most studies of ants and their symbionts have had a narrow taxonomic scope, often focus

143 In this review, we examine how heritable symbiont-host interactions may alter host thermal tolera

144 dict ecological and evolutionary dynamics of symbiont-host interactions need to examine the interacti

145 this poorly understood nutritional aspect of symbiont-host interactions, we studied the enchytraeid w

146 duced by uncultivated bacteria that exist as symbionts in a marine sponge.

147 ion of metabolically distinct "Epulopiscium" symbionts in hosts feeding on compositionally varied alg

148 perhaps also the most important mutualistic symbionts in modern ecosystems, transporting poorly solu

149 Microbial symbionts in sponges are ubiquitous, forming complex and

150 These clams host chemoautotrophic bacterial symbionts in their gills that synthesize organic matter

151 investigate the potential role of microbial symbionts in these introductions, we examined the microb

152 However, rickettsial symbionts in these vectors are underexplored.

153 f two pea aphid lines, each with and without symbionts, in five wet meadow sites to expose them to a

154 es, are closely related to other Coptotermes symbionts including the type species, P. hertwigi.

155 pression profiles revealed that heterologous symbionts induced an expression pattern intermediate bet

156 zontal acquisition allows offspring to avoid symbiont-induced harm early in life.

157 e than 40 years of research and relevance to symbiont-induced speciation, as well as control of arbov

158 ractions can depend on the sequence in which symbionts infect a host, generating priority effects.

159 ave mostly focussed on the direct effects of symbiont infection on natural enemies without studying c

160 host susceptibility to secondary infections, symbiont interactions and ultimately the magnitude of pa

161 nserved despite the divergent nature of host-symbiont interactions in these model systems.

162 genes related to obligate hematophagy, host-symbiont interactions, and several mechanisms of insecti

163 n, haplo-diploid sex determination, and host-symbiont interactions.

164 ds with and without a vertically transmitted symbiont, into a wild host population, and tracked folia

165 which substantiates previous claims that the symbiont is capable of reductive acetogenesis from CO2 a

166 The frequency with which this symbiont is found on tree roots and its possible role in

167 ized nutrients to hosts by extracellular gut symbionts is poorly documented, especially for generalis

168 Like many termite symbionts, it has a conspicuous body plan that makes gen

169 The characteristics of its symbionts, its phylogenetic position within Teredinidae,

170 These symbionts lack cellulases but encode a distinctive and l

171 infection with multiple strains of the same symbiont led to lower symbiont titres than single infect

172 teins) and the rhizarian Plasmodiophora, and symbionts like Capsaspora Remarkably, we also find these

173 ions that has frequently undergone shifts in symbiont localization and identity, which have contribut

174 eared in female ovaries, suggesting that the symbiont may provide necessary nutrients or regulators t

175 In insects, these symbionts may have particularly intimate interactions wi

176 Nevertheless, bacterial symbionts may play an important role in determining food

177 As such, these symbionts may represent an important determinant of host

178 om insects, yet the underlying mechanisms of symbiont-mediated defense are largely unclear.

179 ever, the molecular mechanisms that underlie symbiont-mediated host immunity are largely unknown.

180 and baleen whales, driven by differences in symbiont membership.

181 Symbiont metacommunity structure varied across years, sh

182 m two known mechanisms: protective bacterial symbionts, most commonly Hamiltonella defensa, or endoge

183 anism not subsisting within a host cell, the symbiont nonetheless retained a functional pectinolytic

184 t filtering and host community components on symbiont occupancy and overall metacommunity structure.

185 us was a termitophile - a socially parasitic symbiont of termite colonies.

186 acterium Vibrio fischeri is the monospecific symbiont of the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolope

187 Adiutrix intracellularis', an intracellular symbiont of Trichonympha collaris in the termite Zooterm

188 iverse bacterial groups, including microbial symbionts of animals such as humans and insects.

189 As free-living organisms and symbionts of herbivorous animals, Actinobacteria contrib

190 that convert nonsymbiotic mesorhizobia into symbionts of legumes.

191 p. are naturally occurring fungal endophytic symbionts of many cool-season grasses.

192 nity for betaproteobacteria by examining the symbionts of native and endemic species of Mimosa in Mex

193 ical function shared by common foliar fungal symbionts of P. trichocarpa.

194 ing gall crabs (Cryptochiridae) are obligate symbionts of stony corals (Scleractinia).

195 Over evolutionary time, hosts and symbionts often enter intimate and permanent relationshi

196 Here, we explore the effect of a defensive symbiont on population dynamics and species extinctions

197 The most frequently encountered symbiont on tree roots is the ascomycete Cenococcum geop

198 not clear whether the pathogens evolved from symbionts or symbionts from pathogens.

199 ngi have the potential to act as mutualists, symbionts, or antagonists of Sphagnum.

200 with the ability to harbour large number of symbionts, Orbicella annularis and O. faveolata, and spe

201 philum Currently, it is unknown whether this symbiont originated elsewhere or emerged from unexpected

202 ome hosts evolve extreme dependence on their symbionts, others maintain facultative associations.

203 dered by the compatibility of different host-symbiont pairings.

204 Here we report that prominent human gut symbionts persist in the gut through continuous attack o

205 imination is effective, why do uncooperative symbionts persist?

206 hia adapt to hosts and the evolution of host-symbiont phenotypes.

207 Nutritional symbionts play a major role in the ecology and evolution

208 entify and quantify the roles that defensive symbionts play in host-parasite systems.

209 ved in maintaining and regulating the unique symbiont population in orange morphs.

210 Hosts must regulate symbiont population sizes, but optimal regulation may be

211 osts as selective agents that shape emergent symbiont populations.

212 scuss how cellular processes of the host and symbionts potentially affect the response of these reef

213 ection corresponded to the higher of the two symbionts present.

214 N2-fixing symbionts progressively outcompete isogenic non-fixers w

215 t when discrimination is weak, uncooperative symbionts proliferate until they reach the equilibrium p

216 In protection mutualisms, defensive symbionts protect their hosts from natural enemies, incl

217 Where symbionts provided protection against different natural

218 Where symbionts provided protection against the same natural e

219 Probiotic baths of surface symbionts, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Flavobacterium jo

220 ents a previously unrecognized mechanism for symbiont recruitment.

221 Here, we test whether two protective symbionts, Regiella insecticola and Hamiltonella defensa

222 Our data show that symbiont replacement can happen even in the most intrica

223 genes at appropriate times, thereby enabling symbiont retention throughout the host lifespan.

224 s sexual reproduction are sufficient for the symbiont's control of its own transmission, needed for a

225 a genome-scale metabolic model of the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti that is integrated with

226 elonging to the Rhizobiales order: the plant symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti, the plant pathogen Agro

227 legume Medicago truncatula and its rhizobial symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti, which includes more tha

228 The insect symbiont, Sodalis glossinidius, requires PhoP to resist

229 tween all of the combinations of facultative symbiont species (Regiella insecticola + Hamiltonella de

230 hether different combinations of facultative symbiont species or strains can exist in stable co-infec

231 to aphids of carrying multiple infections of symbiont species or strains, and compared symbiont titre

232 mic scope, often focusing on a single ant or symbiont species.

233 can successfully be implemented to generate symbiont-specific phylogenomic data from metagenomic rea

234 rtebrate digestive tracts that contribute to symbiont specificity are presented.

235 e molecular mechanisms that underlie enteric symbiont-stimulated systemic immune system development,

236 We also identified strong aphid genotype x symbiont-strain interactions, such that the best defensi

237 y and three highly resistant), each with two symbiont strains, Hamiltonella-APSE8 (moderate protectio

238 e expression increase when loss of the algal symbiont Symbiodinium is induced by heat or chemical tre

239 ere colonized with the "normal" (homologous) symbiont Symbiodinium minutum and the heterologous S. tr

240 ested whether maternal transmission of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) might limit effective vert

241 We hypothesized that symbiont-symbiont interactions become increasingly impor

242 ymbiont colonization and subsequently reduce symbiont-symbiont interactions, whereas (ii) positive ho

243 nity assembly is driven by host-symbiont and symbiont-symbiont interactions.

244 nization of large worm species and initiated symbiont-symbiont intraguild predation that reduced the

245 Core symbiont taxa were affiliated with phylogenetic lineages

246 unity composition had strong effects on most symbiont taxa.

247 enchii, an opportunistic, thermally tolerant symbiont that flourishes in coral tissues after bleachin

248 rophic) bacteria instead of the cellulolytic symbionts that allow other shipworm species to consume w

249 Symbionts that are phylogenetically unique to sponges do

250 nce genome to exclude loci from other lichen symbionts that are represented in metagenomic libraries.

251 hich we place within a lineage of endofungal symbionts that are sister clade to Burkholderia.

252 Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are root symbionts that can increase or decrease aphid growth rat

253 We asked this both for co-infecting symbionts that confer different phenotypes on their host

254 and presumably perform the same functions as symbionts that have not undergone splitting.

255 Many animals are inhabited by microbial symbionts that influence their hosts' development, physi

256 Termitophiles, symbionts that live in termite nests, include a wide ran

257 Further, we identified core symbionts that persisted across these spatio-temporal sc

258 veled the tremendous diversity of intestinal symbionts that potentially influence the host, many proo

259 Vertically transmitted symbionts that protect their hosts against parasites and

260 environment and the frequency of facultative symbionts that provide ecologically contingent benefits

261 (Glossina spp.) house maternally transmitted symbionts that regulate the development and function of

262 es human gut bacteria descended from ancient symbionts that speciated simultaneously with humans and

263 tions (saprophyte, insect pathogen and plant symbiont), that renders it an unusually effective model

264 otype; one performed best with no protective symbionts, the others with particular strains of Hamilto

265 Symbionts therefore affect community structure by alteri

266 Obligate symbionts, those required by their host, are considered

267 We find a large (>10-fold) range in symbiont titer among genetically distinct aphid lines ha

268 ntify effects of host genotypes, we measured symbiont titer, as the ratio of genomic copy numbers of

269 of symbiont species or strains, and compared symbiont titres in double and single infections.

270 le strains of the same symbiont led to lower symbiont titres than single infections, and actually imp

271 egy used by maternally transmitted bacterial symbionts to boost transmission and spread in population

272 pecies, which switched from asymptomatic gut symbionts to hemocoelic pathogens.

273 Lateral gene transfer (LGT) from microbial symbionts to invertebrate animals is described at an inc

274 asmid is sufficient to transition beneficial symbionts to phytopathogens.

275 itivity in predicting the success/failure of symbionts to spread into novel species following natural

276 ry predicts that hosts should pass mutualist symbionts to their offspring (vertical transmission) [3-

277 levels of specialization for mutualistic ant symbionts, to study the ecological context of mutualism

278 We reconstructed the evolution of symbiont transmission across 252 coral species and detec

279 These findings help explain why modes of symbiont transmission and reproduction are strongly asso

280 n stable on genomes in the face of extensive symbiont turnover.

281 to climate change by changing their dominant symbiont type to a more thermally tolerant one, although

282 ses occurred in response to the heterologous symbiont type.

283 orm indeterminate nodules in which bacterial symbionts undergo terminal differentiation.

284 ptive responses that the host animal and its symbiont use during modeled microgravity.

285 Instead, these symbionts use propane and other short-chain alkanes such

286 e squid Euprymna scolopes and its beneficial symbiont Vibrio fischeri, which form a highly specific b

287 Ruminococcus gnavus is a human gut symbiont wherein the ability to degrade mucins is mediat

288 mics may be influenced by interactions among symbionts, which can depend on past events at multiple s

289 need to respond to the ongoing evolution of symbionts, which experience high levels of genetic drift

290 inii (Inzenga) Watling is an ectomycorrhizal symbiont, whose main properties were scarcely reported.

291 We found that introducing a bacterial symbiont with a protective (but not a non-protective) ph

292 through the activity of an ancient bacterial symbiont with a tiny genome that serves as a factory for

293 Bacterial accessory genes are genomic symbionts with an evolutionary history and future that i

294 In contrast, corals in winter exhibit symbionts with higher capacity to photoacclimate to the

295 t fungal pathogens vs. parasitoid wasps) and symbionts with overlapping functions.

296 eminate; hence, viruses can be considered as symbionts with their hosts.

297 sequence of infection and interactions among symbionts within host individuals.

298 a clearer picture of the metabolic state of symbionts within the juvenile host, including their poss

299 traditional control measures, the bacterial symbiont Wolbachia has been transferred from Drosophila

300 l by infection with the maternally inherited symbiont Wolbachia.

301 e populations (core OTUs): the intracellular symbionts Wolbachia, Cardinium, plus other Blattabacteri

302 Mites are frequent ant symbionts, yet the exact nature of their interactions wi