ライフサイエンスコーパス: systemin

1 y inhibited by a 20-fold excess of unlabeled systemin.

2 emic wound responses and were insensitive to systemin.

3 ed by an 18-amino-acid peptide signal called systemin.

4 umulation of defense proteins in response to systemin.

5 enzymes did not produce detectable levels of systemin.

6 e 18-amino acid polypeptide defense hormone, systemin.

7 hese plants by treatment with the homologous systemin.

8 bile 18-amino acid polypeptide signal called systemin.

9 reversibly antagonized systemic signaling by systemin.

10 ing, exhibits a severely reduced response to systemin.

11 sinolide application, but not in response to systemin.

12 ed response to a subsequent elicitation with systemin.

13 nse genes that are regulated by wounding and systemin.

14 ses of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) to systemin.

15 c activity that could process prosystemin to systemin.

16 efined family of signals collectively called systemins.

17 o activated by the 18-amino acid polypeptide systemin, a potent wound signal for the synthesis of sys

18 Systemin activates a lipid-based signaling cascade, also

19 stitution, which is a powerful antagonist of systemin activation of swrp genes.

20 vation of the octadecanoid pathway, and that systemin acts at or near the site of wounding (i.e. in r

21 d tomato plants with the polypeptide hormone systemin also caused (14)C-lysophosphatidylcholine to in

22 Systemin, an 18-amino acid polypeptide wound signal, act

23 itor proteins in a manner similar to that of systemin, an 18-amino-acid polypeptide found in tomato p

24 t suramin interfered with the binding of the systemin analog (125)I-Tyr-2, Ala-15-systemin to the sys

25 A fluorescently-labeled systemin analog bound specifically to plasma membranes o

26 ation by systemin is strongly inhibited by a systemin analog having a Thr-17 --> Ala-17 substitution,

27 A monoiodinated form of a systemin analog synthesized with Tyr-2 and Ala-15 (Tyr-2

28 A photoaffinity systemin analog, N-(4-[p-azidosalicylamido]butyl)-3'(2'-

29 inding was assessed with alanine-substituted systemin analogs and was found to correlate with their r

30 of suspension-cultured cells in response to systemin and carbohydrate elicitors were also inhibited

31 le in the presence of high concentrations of systemin and carbohydrate elicitors.

32 milar to established peptide signals such as systemin and flg22, amino acid substitutions of Vu-In de

33 enes in tomato plants requires the action of systemin and its precursor protein prosystemin.

34 nd response pathway in tomato indicates that systemin and its precursor protein, prosystemin, are ups

35 Genetic analysis in tomato indicates that systemin and its precursor protein, prosystemin, are ups

36 Systemin and its precursor protein, prosystemin, play an

37 thesis, relatively little is known about how systemin and JA interact to promote long-distance signal

38 tion assays, we found that pretreatment with systemin and OEs transiently reduced the MAPK response t

39 se to UV-B increased after pretreatment with systemin and OEs.

40 ere we investigate the relationships between systemin and the tomato HypSys peptides in regulating wo

41 signals and further establish that wounding, systemin, and 35S::prosys induce defensive gene expressi

42 em parenchyma cells in response to wounding, systemin, and methyl jasmonate, and the nascent protein

43 ysophosphatidylcholine produced by wounding, systemin, and oligosaccharide elicitors followed by enzy

44 y, block the induction of SWRPs by wounding, systemin, and oligosaccharide elicitors, indicating that

45 ed in tomato leaves in response to wounding, systemin, and oligosaccharide elicitors.

46 unding or supplying young tomato plants with systemin, and peaked at 1 h.

47 hed JA accumulation in response to exogenous systemin, and reduced JA accumulation in wounded leaves

48 were initially treated with systemin or the systemin antagonist Ala-17-systemin, which competitively

49 ltured cells to the polypeptide wound signal systemin are the alkalinization of the culture medium an

50 leaves in response to wounding, implicating systemin as a primary wound signal.

51 -kDa MBP kinase is activated by wounding and systemin as in the wild-type plants.

52 mato bri1 null mutant cu3 is as sensitive to systemin as wild type plants.

53 ls of Lycopersicon peruvianum by the peptide systemin, as well as by chitosan and beta-glucan elicito

54 our data suggest that BRI1 can function as a systemin binding protein, but that binding of the ligand

55 Antagonists of systemin blocked both the release of (14)C-lysophosphati

56 Perception of systemin by the membrane-bound receptor SR160 results in

57 The isolation to homogeneity of the 160-kDa systemin cell-surface receptor (SR160) from plasma membr

58 later, depending on the initial UV-B dose or systemin concentration, the cells regained their initial

59 n of prosystemin and the abnormal release of systemin, conferring a constitutive overproduction of se

60 pression of lipoxygenase (LOX) genes and the systemin-dependent wound response in tomato (Lycopersico

61 Supplying the excised plants with systemin did not result in an increase of PLPI levels th

62 of prosystemin containing the 18-amino acid systemin domain completely abolished its proteinase inhi

63 tivating the defense response resides in the systemin domain.

64 ct repetitive domains N-terminal to a single systemin domain.

65 osan and polygalacturonide) and polypeptide (systemin) elicitors.

66 t were initially treated with either UV-B or systemin exhibited a strongly reduced response to a subs

67 ed members of the functionally characterized systemin family of defense signals from plants that are

68 structural and biological properties of the systemin family, and discuss their possible roles in sys

69 K1 and LeMPK2, were activated in response to systemin, four different OEs, and UV-B radiation.

70 rotein may be the physiological receptor for systemin in suspension-cultured cells.

71 ced defense responses and support a role for systemin in the production of a transmissible signal tha

72 These results confirm the function of (pro)systemin in the transduction of systemic wound signals a

73 To study further the role of (pro)systemin in the wound response pathway, we isolated and

74 fication of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein systemins in tomato indicates that the initiation of wou

75 esponse genes, indicating the existence of a systemin-independent pathway for wound signaling.

76 y the low- M(r) species is weakly induced by systemin, indicating a differential expression of the tw

77 Additionally, systemin induced an alkalinization response in the trans

78 ast pools of 18:3 is required for wound- and systemin-induced defense responses and support a role fo

79 IGS of the closely related MPK3 also reduced systemin-induced defense responses.

80 ntified mutation that blocks both wound- and systemin-induced gene expression and renders plants susc

81 s similar to the expression of the wound- or systemin-induced lipoxygenase and prosystemin genes, sig

82 ysulfonated compound heparin did not inhibit systemin-induced medium alkalinization.

83 Although it is well established that systemin induces PI expression through the octadecanoid

84 s question was addressed by characterizing a systemin-insensitive mutant (spr1) that was previously i

85 The data indicate that systemin is a master signal for defense against attackin

86 8-amino acid peptide in tomato leaves called systemin is a primary signal released at wound sites in

87 Systemin is a wound-signaling peptide that mediates defe

88 Systemin is derived from a larger, 200-amino acid precur

89 The tomato wound signal systemin is perceived by a specific high-affinity, satur

90 small sizes, hydroxyproline contents (tomato systemin is proline-rich), and defense-signaling activit

91 etic pathway in response to wounding or (pro)systemin is required for the production of a long-distan

92 The kinase activation by systemin is strongly inhibited by a systemin analog havi

93 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) wound hormone systemin, is performed by phytaspases, aspartate-specifi

94 ential, coordinated, and functional roles of systemin, jasmonic acid, oligogalacturonides, and H(2)O(

95 ds to signals which differ from those on the systemin/jasmonic acid pathway typical of well-character

96 and is expressed specifically in the nervous systemin late-stage embryos and adult mice.

97 thesized with Tyr-2 and Ala-15 (Tyr-2,Ala-15-systemin) likewise exhibits similar biological activitie

98 Systemin-mediated defense signaling in tomato (Lycopersi

99 isolated previously as a suppressor of (pro)systemin-mediated signaling, impairs wound-induced JA bi

100 The results suggest that the systemin-mediated systemic defense response may have evo

101 ato plants after wounding, or treatment with systemin, methyl jasmonate, or linolenic acid.

102 ed the total binding of (125)I-Tyr-2, Ala-15-systemin more than threefold, suggesting that methyl jas

103 e of signaling components that are shared by systemin, OEs, and UV-B.

104 Systemin, OGA, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate (MJ) all i

105 both PG activity and H2O2 when supplied with systemin, OGA, chitosan, or MJ.

106 PG activity or H2O2 in response to wounding, systemin, OGA, or chitosan, but does respond to MJ, indi

107 within 2 hr after supplying the polypeptide systemin, oligogalacturonides, or chitosan to the plants

108 tested whether signaling pathways induced by systemin, oligosaccharide elicitors (OEs), and ultraviol

109 veral defense genes in response to wounding, systemin, oligosaccharides, and methyl jasmonate also wa

110 nase inhibitor synthesis that was induced by systemin, oligouronides, and jasmonic acid (JA).

111 ns or mRNAs, compared with levels induced by systemin or jasmonic acid over the 24 h following treatm

112 icantly affected in their response to either systemin or mechanical wounding.

113 Within 30 to 50 min following wounding or systemin or methyl jasmonate treatments, the TomLoxD mRN

114 duced when cells were initially treated with systemin or the systemin antagonist Ala-17-systemin, whi

115 ely to be the missing functional homologs of systemin outside of the Solanaceae.

116 efense genes, similar to the activity of the systemin peptide.

117 is involved in a signaling step that couples systemin perception to activation of the octadecanoid pa

118 The deduced systemin polypeptides were synthesized and tested for th

119 eplacement of Arg-57 with Thr-Gly in the non-systemin portion of the protein.

120 rohormones that harbor multiple signals, the systemin precursor contains five imperfect repetitive do

121 solanaceous species that does not express a systemin precursor gene nor responds to systemin, when t

122 encing (VIGS) in plants that overexpress the systemin precursor prosystemin (35S::prosys plants).

123 jasmonate, similar to the expression of the systemin precursor prosystemin in tomato leaves.

124 nic plants that overexpress prosystemin, the systemin precursor, from a 35S::prosystemin (35S::prosys

125 (125)I-Tyr-2,Ala-15-systemin rapidly, reversibly, and saturably bound to sus

126 a provide evidence for an involvement of the systemin receptor and/or systemin-responsive signaling e

127 Suramin, an inhibitor of systemin receptor function, strongly inhibited the UV-B-

128 usual behavior and the nature of the elusive systemin receptor will be discussed.

129 Additionally, labeling of the systemin receptor with a photoaffinity analog of systemi

130 analog (125)I-Tyr-2, Ala-15-systemin to the systemin receptor with an IC(50) of 160 microM.

131 The tomato systemin receptor, SR160, a plasma membrane-bound, leuci

132 titively inhibits binding of systemin to the systemin receptor.

133 As the first described plant peptide signal, systemin regulates antiherbivore defenses in the Solanac

134 involvement of the systemin receptor and/or systemin-responsive signaling elements in the UV-B respo

135 temin at two aspartate residues flanking the systemin sequence.

136 PK1 and MPK2 are essential components of the systemin signaling pathway and most likely function upst

137 acco cells indicates that early steps of the systemin signaling pathway found in tomato are present i

138 The results indicated that components of the systemin signaling pathway normally found in leaves have

139 A gene encoding a preprohydroxyproline-rich systemin, SnpreproHypSys, was identified from the leaves

140 mutant, spr-1, which carries a mutation in a systemin-specific signaling component, and transgenic to

141 On the other hand, signaling responses to systemin, such as activation of mitogen-activated protei

142 Systemin (SYS), an octadecapeptide hormone processed fro

143 doses of UV-B and subsequently treated with systemin, the UV-B response reached levels higher than t

144 mide markedly decreased binding of iodinated systemin to the cells, indicating that the binding prote

145 of the systemin analog (125)I-Tyr-2, Ala-15-systemin to the systemin receptor with an IC(50) of 160

146 min, which competitively inhibits binding of systemin to the systemin receptor.

147 leaves of intact tomato plants, or supplying systemin to young tomato plants through their cut stems,

148 emin receptor with a photoaffinity analog of systemin was inhibited in the presence of suramin.

149 ure until 1991, when an 18-aa peptide called systemin was isolated from tomato leaves and shown to be

150 ctive as tomato systemin, whereas nightshade systemin was ten-fold less active.

151 est the function of MAPKs in the response to systemin, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in

152 Potato and pepper systemins were approximately as active as tomato systemi

153 in was found to be as biologically active as systemin when assayed for proteinase inhibitor induction

154 ss a systemin precursor gene nor responds to systemin, when transformed with the SR160 receptor gene,

155 emins were approximately as active as tomato systemin, whereas nightshade systemin was ten-fold less

156 or protein of the 18 amino acid wound signal systemin which activates systemic defense in tomato leav

157 h systemin or the systemin antagonist Ala-17-systemin, which competitively inhibits binding of system